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Abstract
The economic success of beef cow-calf operations depends on the production of one healthy calf per cow per year. To achieve this goal, cow-calf producers need to overcome several obstacles related to the cow, bull, and offspring. Over the last four decades, several advances in reproductive biotechnologies, such as artificial insemination (AI), synchronization of estrus, and fixed-time AI (TAI), have allowed producers to improve the genetic traits of their cattle and shorten the lengths of both the breeding season and subsequent calving season, which can lead to increased overall profitability of cow-calf production systems. This 5-page fact sheet discusses benefits of synchronization and TAI use, obstacles that hinder adoption of reproductive biotechnologies, objectives of the Beef Reproduction Task Force, and factors that can affect the success of TAI programs. Written by Vitor R. G. Mercadante, Darren D. Henry, Francine M. Ciriaco, Pedro L. P. Fontes, Nicky Oosthuizen, and G. Cliff Lamb, and published by the UF Department of Animal Sciences, January 2016.
References
Beef Reproduction Task Force (BRTF). 2016. "Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle (ARSBC)." Accessed January 28, 2016. http://beefrepro.unl.edu/
Johnson, S. K., R. N. Funston, J. B. Hall, D. J. Kesler, J. W. Lauderdale, G. C. Lamb, D. J. Patterson, G. A. Perry, and D. R. Strohbehn. 2011. "Multi-state Beef Reproduction Task Force provides science based recommendations for the application of reproductive technologies." J. Anim. Sci. 89: 2950-2954. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3719
Lamb, G. C., C. R. Dahlen, J. E. Larson, G. Marquezini, and J. S. Stevenson. 2010. "Control of the estrous cycle to improve fertility for fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) in beef cattle: A review." J. Anim. Sci. 88: E181-192E. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2349
Rodgers, J. C., S. L. Bird, J. E. Larson, N. Dilorenzo, C. R. Dahlen, A. Dicostanzo, and G. C. Lamb. 2012. "An economic evaluation of estrous synchronization and timed artificial insemination in suckled beef cows." J. Anim. Sci. 10: 1297-1308.
Stevenson, J. S., S. L. Hill, G. A. Bridges, J. E. Larson, and G. C. Lamb. 2015. "Progesterone status, parity, body condition, and days postpartum before estrus- or ovulation-5 synchronization in suckled beef cattle influences artificial insemination pregnancy outcomes." J. Anim. Sci. 93: 2111-2123. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8391
Stevenson, J. S., G. C. Lamb, S. K. Johnson, M. A. MedinaBritos, D. M. Grieger, K. R. Harmoney, J. A. El-Zarkouny, C. R. Dahlen, and T. J. Marple. 2003. "Supplemental norgestomet, progesterone, or melengestrol acetate increases pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows after timed inseminations." J. Anim. Sci. 81: 571-586. https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.813571x
USDA. 2009. "Part II. Reference of beef cow-calf management practices in the United States, 2007-08." Beef 2007-08. Accessed December 15, 2015. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/beefcowcalf/downloads/beef0708/Beef0708_dr_PartII.pdf