Abstract
This 6-page fact sheet discusses beef demand in the context of a growing population, beef production’s greenhouse gases and their effect on the environment, the great advantage of ruminants, generating accurate greenhouse gas emissions estimates, greenhouse gas emissions by economic sector, and mitigation strategies. Written by Nicolas DiLorenzo, G. Cliff Lamb, Jose Dubeux, John Arthington, Joao Vendramini, and Phillip Lancaster and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Animal Sciences, November 2014. (UF/IFAS Photo by Thomas Wright)
References
Bradford, G. E. 1999. Contributions of animal agriculture to meeting global human food demand. Livest. Sci. 59: 95-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00019-6
Cao, Y., and D. Li. 2013. Impact of increased demand for animal protein products in Asian countries: Implications on global food security. Anim. Front. 3: 48-55. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2013-0024
Capper, J. L. 2011. The environmental impact of beef production in the United States: 1977 compared with 2007. J. Anim. Sci. 89: 4249-4261. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3784
EPA 2014. National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data Webpage and Interactive Tool. http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/usinventoryreport.html. Accessed July 29, 2014.
EPA. 2014. Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990-2012. Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/ghgemissions/US-GHG-Inventory-2014-Main-Text.pdf Accessed July 29, 2014.
FAO. 2006. Steinfeld, H., P. Gerber, T. Wassenaar, V. Castel, M. Rosales, and C. de Haan. Livestock's Long Shadow. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/a0701e/a0701e00.htm Accessed July 29, 2014.
Fisher, M. J., I. M. Rao, M. A. Ayarza, C. E. Lascano, J. I. Sanz, R. J. Thomas, and R. R. Vera. 1994. Carbon storage by introduced deep-rooted grasses in the South American savannas. Nature 371: 236-238. https://doi.org/10.1038/371236a0
Havlík, P., H. Valina, M. Herrero, M. Obersteiner, E. Schmid, M. C. Rufino, A. Mosnier, P. K. Thornton, H. Böttcher, R. T. Conant, S. Frank, S. Fritz, S. Fuss, F. Kraxner, and A. Notenbaert. 2014. Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073/ pnas.1308044111. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1308044111
Hocquette, J.-F., and V. Chatellier. 2011. Prospects for the European beef sector over the next 30 years. Anim. Front. 1: 20-28. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2011-0014
Hristov, A. N., J. Oh, J. Firkins, J. Dijkstra, E. Kebreab, G. Waghorn, A. Adesogan, W. Yang, J. Tricarico, C. Lee, P. J. Gerber, B. Henderson, and H. P. S. Makkar. 2013a. Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from animal operations: I. A review of enteric methane mitigation options. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 5045-5069. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-6583
Hristov, A. N., T. Ott, J. Tricarico, A. Rotz, G. Waghorn, A. Adesogan, J. Dijkstra, F. Montes, J. Oh, E. Kebreab, S. J. Oosting, P. J. Gerber, B. Henderson, H. P. S. Makkar, and J. Firkins. 2013b. Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from animal operations: III. A review of animal management mitigation options. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 5095-5113. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-6585
Katsvairo, T. W., D. L. Wright, J. J. Marois, D. L. Hartzog. J. R. Rich, and P. P. Wiatrak. 2006. Sod/Livestock integration in the peanut/cotton rotation: A systems farming approach. Agron. J. 98: 1156-1171. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0088
Liska, A. J., H. S. Yang, V. R. Bremer, T. J. Klopfenstein, D. T. Walters, G. E. Erickson, and K. G. Cassman. 2009. Improvements in life cycle energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions of corn-ethanol. Journal of Industrial Ecology 13: 58-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00105.x
McAfee, A. J., E. M. McSorley, G. J. Cuskelly, B. W. Moss, J. M. W. Wallace, M. P. Bonham, and A. M. Fearon. 2010. Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits. Meat Science 84: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.029
Monteny, G. J., A. Bannink, and D. Chadwick. 2006. Greenhouse gas abatement strategies for animal husbandry. Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 112: 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.08.015
Neumeier, C. J., and F. M. Mitloehner. 2013. Cattle biotechnologies reduce environmental impact and help feed a growing planet. Anim. Front. 3: 36-41. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2013-0022
Pitesky, M. E., K. R. Stackhouse, and F. M. Mitloehner. 2009. Clearing the air: Livestock's contribution to climate change. Adv. Agron. 103: 1-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(09)03001-6
Reid, R. S., K. A. Galvin, and R. S. Kruska. 2008. Global significance of extensive grazing lands and pastoral societies: an introduction. In Fragmentation in semi-arid and arid landscapes-consequences for human and natural systems. K. A. Galvin, R. S. Reid, R. H. Behnke, Jr., and N. T. Hobbs (eds.). Dordrecht, Springer, 2008. p. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4906-4_1
Roussell, M. A., A. M. Hill, T. L. Gaugler, S. G. West, J. P. Heuvel, P. Alaupovic, P. J. Gillies, and P. M. Kris-Etherton. 2012. Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet Study: effects on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 95: 9-16. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.016261
Soussana, J. F., T. Tallec, V. Blanfort. 2010. Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands. Animal 4(3): 334-350. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990784
Stevenson, F. J., and M. A. Cole. 1999. Cycles of soil-carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and micronutrients. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York.