Effectiveness of Botanical Pesticide, Azadirachtin against Tirathaba rufivena Walker
Keywords:
areca palm, neem, activity, toxicity, developmentAbstract
Tirathaba rufivena Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an important pest of areca palm, Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae), in China. The effects of azadirachtin on the development and mortality of T. rufivena were determined. All larval instars were susceptible to azadirachtin, but the stomach and contact toxicities diminished as the larvae matured. The LC25 and LC50 dosages had no effect on larval hatch when applied directly to the eggs on different days after deposition, but the LC90 treatment retarded hatch from eggs treated 1 to 3 d after deposition. The tested concentrations significantly affected the survival of neonate larvae from treated eggs, especially larvae that emerged from eggs treated 3 d after deposition. Azadirachtin also prolonged larval development and duration of the pupal stage. The percentage of adult emergence decreased, and longevity of the emerged adults was
shortened, following treatment. Also, egg production and viability from females treated as larvae with azadirachtin were significantly affected.
Key Words: areca palm; neem; activity; toxicity; development
Resumen
Tirathaba rufivena Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) es una plaga importante de la palma areca, Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae), en China. Se determinaron
los efectos de la azadiractina sobre el desarrollo y la mortalidad de T. rufivena. Todos los instares de las larvas fueron susceptibles a la azadiractina,
pero la toxicidad estómacal y del contacto disminuyeron a medida que las larvas maduraron. Las dosis de CL25 y CL50 no tuvieron efecto en la eclosión
de las larvas cuando se aplicaron directamente a los huevos en diferentes días después de la deposición, pero el tratamiento con CL90 retardó la eclosión
de los huevos tratados 1 a 3 días después de la deposición. Las concentraciones probadas afectaron significativamente la sobrevivencia de larvas
neonatas que nacieron de huevos tratados, especialmente larvas que emergieron de huevos tratados 3 días después de la deposición. Azadirachtin
también prolongó el desarrollo larval y la duración del estadio de pupa. El porcentaje de emergencia de adultos disminuyó, y la longevidad de los
adultos emergidos fue mas corta, después del tratamiento. Además, la producción de huevos y la viabilidad de las hembras tratadas cuando eran
larvas con azadiractina fueron significativamente afectadas.
Palabras Clave: palma areca neem; actividad; toxicidad; desarrollo
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