Investigation-Research: Techniques to Eradicate Plant Parasitic Nematodes from Infested Maize, Oat and Rice Seeds

Resumen

The efficacy of several physical and chemical techniques to eradicate Aphelenchoides besseyi, Ditylenchus sp. and D. dipsaci in maize, oat and rice seeds was evaluated. Rice seeds, were exposed to moist heat (40C) for 15, 30 or 60 min, followed by moist heat (60C) for 5, 8, or 10 min, respectively. In a second treatment regime, seeds were treated with dry heat (60C) for 6 hr followed by dry heat (90C) for 4, 6, 8 or 12 hr. Chemical treatments included soaking seeds in sodium hypochlorite (1% or 2%) + 0.5% formal for 15 or 30 min, or in carbofuran 350 SX at 1x and 2x the recommended dosage for 30 min. To evaluate eradication efficacy, nematodes were recovered from four, 50-seed-replicates for each treatment by placing seeds on Baermann funnels. Four separate replicates were used to determinate the percentage seed germination, root length, and seed vigor. All treatments eradicated both nematodes species from rice seeds. Untreated controls exhibited an average of 97% germination, 96% vi