Host Status of Seven Weed Species and Their Effects on Ditylenchus destructor Infestation of Peanut
Abstract
The host suitability to Ditylenchus destructor of seven common weed species in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) fields in South Africa was determined. Based on the number of nematodes per root unit, white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), feathertop chloris (Chloris virgata), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), jimson weed (Datura stramonium), goose grass (Eleusine indica), khaki weed (Tagetes minuta), and cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) were poor hosts. Ditylenchus destructor survived on all weed species; population densities increased in peanut hulls and caused severe damage to seeds of peanut grown after weeds. Roots of purple nutsedge left in the soil suppressed populations of D. destructor and root and pod development in peanut grown after the weed. However, nematode populations in peanut hulls and seeds were not suppressed. Some weed species, especially purple nutsedge which is common in peanut fields, can be used to indicate the presence of D. destructor in the absence of peanut. Key words: Arachis hypogaea, Chenopodium album, Chloris virgata, cocklebur, Cyperus rotundus, Datura stramonium, Ditylenchus destructor, Eleusine indica, feathertop chloris, goose grass, host status, jimson weed, khaki weed, peanut, purple nutsedge, South Africa, Tagetes minuta, Xanthium strumarium.Downloads
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