Fine Structure of Cephalic Sense Organs in Meloidogyne incognita Males
Abstract
Amphids, and the cephalic and labial papillae of Mcloiclogyne incognita males were examined in detail by electron microscopy. Each amphid basically consists of an amphidial gland, a nerve bundle and an amphidial duct. The gland is a broad microvillous organ with a narrow anterior process, which is closely associated with the amphidial duct. A posterior process of the gland contains secretory organelles and proceeds along the esophagus with the lateral cephalic nerve bundle. The nerve bundle penetrates the broad portion of the gland and, subsequently, individual nerve processes (dendrites) separate from one another, thus forming the sensilla pouch which is enveloped by the gland. Anterior to the pouch, the dendrites converge as they enter and eventually terminate in the amphidial duct. The external opening of the duct is a broad slit which separates the cheek, the outermost part of the lateral lip, from the remainder of the lip region. M. incognita males have six inner labial papillae and four outer cephalic papillae which are each innervated by two and one cilia, respectively. In labial papillae, the cilia appear to terminate at the base of a pore opening, whereas in cephalic papillae each cilium terminates beneath the labial cuticle. Key Words: amphid, labial papillae, cephalic papillae, ultrastructure, amphidial gland, cilium, dendrite, receptor, microvillus, root-knot nematode.Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Permissions
All material published by the Society of Nematologists (SON), except for papers prepared by United States and Canadian government employees, is copyrighted and protected under the U.S. copyright law. Under the Copyright Act of 1976, the term of copyright for materials registered by an organization is 75 years from the date first published. Before publishing any manuscript, SON requires that authors transfer full and complete ownership of any copyright to SON by signing a JON Page Charge/Copyright Form (.pdf). SON then registers the copyright. Subsequent use of published materials requires written permission from the SON and may be obtained by contacting the current Editor-in-Chief and state where and how the material will be used.
The author warrants that the article is an original work not published elsewhere in whole or in part, except in abstract form, and that the author has full power to make this grant. If portions of the article have been published previously, then the author warrants that permission has been obtained from the copyright holder and the author will submit a copy of the permission release with this copyright transfer form.
SON shall claim no proprietary right other than copyright. Authors and coauthors retain the right to revise, adapt, modify, or otherwise use all or part of the article in future works of the author(s), such as press releases, lectures, and reviews, provided that all such use is for the personal noncommercial benefit of the author(s). All patent rights are retained by the author(s).