Generic phytosanitary irradiation treatment for “true weevils” (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infesting fresh commodities
Keywords:
generic dose, quarantine treatment, Curculionoidea, Cylas formicarius, radiationAbstract
Some species of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) are quarantine pests that affect a large variety of fruits and vegetables. Many of these fresh commodities require phytosanitary treatment as a biosecurity measure before being exported to geographical areas where the weevil species do not exist but could become established and negatively affect agricultural production or the environment. There are phytosanitary irradiation (PI) doses that are already accepted as commercial PI treatments for some weevil species, but a generic dose that would suffice for all weevils would be useful. This paper examined the weevil PI literature for support of a generic dose. This literature review identified PI studies involving 14 species in the Brentidae and Curculionidae—which are 2 of 7 weevil families in the superfamily Curculionoidea—and all but 1 of these 14 species are in the family Curculionidae. A generic PI dose of 150 Gy for the Curculionidae that would prevent development beyond the hatching of eggs in the F1 generation is supported by the available literature.
Resumen
Algunas especies de gorgojos (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) son plagas cuarentenarias que afectan a una gran variedad de frutas y verduras. Muchos de estos productos frescos requieren un tratamiento fitosanitario como medida de bioseguridad antes de ser exportados a áreas geográficas donde no existen los gorgojos, pero que podrían llegar a ser establecidos y negativamente afectar la producción agrícola o el medio ambiente. Hay dosis de irradiación fitosanitarias (IF) que ya se aceptan como un tratamiento IF comercial para algunas especies de gorgojos, pero una dosis genérica que sería suficiente para todos los gorgojos sería útil. Este artículo examina la literatura cerca de la IF de picudos para llegar a una dosis genérica. Esta revisión de la literatura identificó estudios IF que involucran 14 especies de Brentidae y Curculionidae - que son 2 de las 7 familias de gorgojos del Curculinoidea - y todos menos 1 de estas 14 especies se encuentran en la familia Curculionidae. Se respalda en la literatura disponible la dosis PI genérica de 150 Gy para los Curculionidae que impida el desarrollo más allá de la eclosión de los huevos en la generación F1.
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