Geographic distribution of Tapinoma litorale (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Keywords:
biogeography, exotic species, geographic range, native rangeAbstract
Tapinoma litorale Wheeler (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a small, inconspicuous New World ant that nests in plant cavities, particularly in epiphytes and hollow grass stems and twigs. Recently, T. litorale was included on a list of exotic ant species established in North America, introduced through human commerce. We compiled and mapped >240 site records for T. litorale, documenting the earliest known records for 19 geographic areas, including many with no previously published records: Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, San Andrés Island, Trinidad, the Turks & Caicos Islands, and Venezuela. Records for T. litorale ranged from 8.5°N to 29.1°N, spread broadly around the circum-Caribbean region: peninsular Florida, the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. The earliest records of T. litorale come from Florida, the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, and Cuba, and there is no notable distributional gap between Florida and the West Indies. This pattern does not support the proposition that T. litorale populations in North America are exotic. Tapinoma litorale workers resemble ghost ants, Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.), an Old World tramp species that has been spread around the world through human commerce. Tapinoma melanocephalum also nests in plant cavities and potentially may compete with T. litorale in areas where it invades.
Resumen
Tapinoma litorale Wheeler (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) es una hormiga muy pequeña, propia del Nuevo Mundo, que habita dentro de las cavidades de plantas, particularmente en epífitas, ramas y tallos huecos de algunas herbáceas. Recientemente, T. litorale fue incluida en una lista de especies de hormigas exóticas establecidas en Norte América, introducida a través del comercio humano. Se compilaron y mapearon >250 registros para T. litorale, documentando los primeros registros conocidos para 19 áreas geográficas, incluyendo a muchas sin registros previamente publicados: Belice, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, Jamaica, La isla de San Andrés, Trinidad, Las Islas Turcas y Caicos, y Venezuela. Los registros para T. litorale van desde los 8.5°N a los 29.1°N, extendiéndose ampliamente alrededor de la región circum-caribeña: La Florida peninsular, Las Indias Occidentales, México, América Central y el norte de América del Sur. Los registros más antiguos de T. litorale provienen de la Florida, las Bahamas, Puerto Rico y Cuba, sin una brecha notable en la distribución entre La Florida y las Indias Occidentales. Este patrón no apoya la proposición de que las poblaciones de T. litorale en Norteamérica son exóticas. Las obreras de Tapinoma litorale se parecen a las de la hormiga fantasma, Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.), una especie invasora del Viejo Mundo que se ha dispersado alrededor del mundo a través del comercio humano. Tapinoma melanocephalum también anida en las cavidades de plantas y potencialmente puede competir con T. litorale, en aquellas zonas donde confluyen.
View this article in BioOne
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright for any article published in Florida Entomologist is held by the author(s) of the article. Florida Entomologist is an open access journal. Florida Entomologist follows terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution Non-Commercial License (cc by-nc). By submitting and publishing articles in Florida Entomologist, authors grant the FOJ and Florida Entomologist's host institutions permission to make the article available through Internet posting and electronic dissemination, and to otherwise archive the information contained both electronically and in a hard printed version. When used, information and images obtained from articles must be referenced and cited appropriately. Articles may be reproduced for personal, educational, or archival purposes, or any non-commercial use. Permission should be sought from the author(s) for multiple, non-commercial reproduction. Written permission from the author(s) is required for any commercial reproduction.