Insecticidal activity of the methanol extract of Pronephrium megacuspe (Thelypteridaceae) and its active component on Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Keywords:
worker ant, secondary metabolite, fernAbstract
Baits were used to investigate the toxicity of methanol extracts from the fern Pronephrium megacuspe (Thelypteridaceae) on workers of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The methanol extract of P. megacuspe had toxic effects on workers. With macrergates, the LC50 values of the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction were 524.0 and 145.9 μg/g, respectively, after 48 h of treatment and 362.5 and 99.0 μg/g, respectively, after 72 h of treatment. With micrergates, the LC50 values of the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction were 321.9 and 90.0 μg/g, respectively, after 48 h of treatment and 235.4 and 79.1 μg/g, respectively, after 72 h of treatment. NMR spectral data revealed that the isolated compound from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract was phenol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside. The LC50 values of this compound with macrergates after 48 and 72 h were 21.6 and 9.7 μg/g, respectively. Similarly, the LC50 values of this compound with micrergates after 48 and 72 h were 3.4 and 2.4 μg/g, respectively. A low dose of methanol extract and ethyl acetate fractions of P. megacuspe, and of phenol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside diminished the walking and grasping abilities of S. invicta micrergates and macrergates.
Resumen
Se utilizaron cebos para investigar la toxicidad de los extractos de metanol del helecho Pronephrium megacuspe (Thelypteridaceae) sobre las trabajadoras de la hormiga roja de fuego importada, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). El extracto de metanol de P. megacuspe tuvo efectos tóxicos sobre las trabajadoras. Con macrergates, los valores de LC50 de la fracción de extracto de metanol y acetato de etilo fueron 524,0 y 145,9 mg/g, respectivamente, después de 48 h de tratamiento y 362,5 y 99,0 μg/g, respectivamente, después de 72 h de tratamiento. Con micrergates, los valores de LC50 de la fracción de extracto de metanol y acetato de etilo fueron 321,9 y 90,0 μg/g, respectivamente, después de 48 h de tratamiento y 235,4 y 79,1 g / g, respectivamente, después de 72 h de tratamiento. Los datos espectrales de RMN reveló que el compuesto aislado de la fracción de acetato de etilo-soluble de extracto de metanol se extrajo con fenol-3-O-beta-D-glucósido. Los valores de LC50 de este compuesto en macrergates después de 48 y 72 horas fueron de 21,6 y 9,7 mg/g, respectivamente. Del mismo modo, los valores de LC50 de este compuesto con micrergates después de 48 y 72 h fueron 3,4 y 2,4 μg/g, respectivamente. Una dosis baja de extracto de metanol y acetato de etilo fracciones de P. megacuspe, y de fenol-3-O-beta-D-glucósido disminuyen las habilidades de caminar y de agarre de los micrergates y macrergates trabajadoras de S. invicta.
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