Temperature-dependent development of Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Authors

  • Gurpreet S. Brar Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, 3200 E Palm Beach Rd, Belle Glade, FL 33430, USA
  • John L. Capinera Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
  • Paul E. Kendra Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, USDA-ARS, Miami, FL 33158, USA
  • Jason A. Smith School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
  • Jorge E. Peña Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031, USA

Keywords:

avocado, redbay, temperature, development models

Abstract

Redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is a nonnative pest that transmits the pathogenic fungus Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva (Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae), which causes laurel wilt disease in trees of the family Lauraceae. Laurel wilt is present in the commercial avocado (Persea americana Mill.; Laurales: Lauraceae) growing areas of Florida and poses a potential threat to the avocado industries of California and Mexico. The life cycle of X. glabratus was studied in avocado logs at 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 °C. Xyleborus glabratus successfully completed its life cycle at 24, 28, and 32 °C, with the greatest oviposition and development rate at 28 °C. Development of the egg and pupal stages was studied at 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 32, and 36 °C. One linear and 7 nonlinear developmental models were used to estimate the temperature-dependent development of both stages. The linear model estimated the lower threshold temperatures for egg and pupal development to be 13.8 °C and 11.1 °C, respectively, and the degree-days (DD) for egg and pupal development to be 55.1 DD and 68.2 DD, respectively. The Brier-2, Ratkowsky, Logan, and polynomial models gave the best estimates for the temperature-dependent development of the egg stages, whereas the Brier-1, Logan, and polynomial models gave the best estimates of temperature-dependent development of the pupal stages. Our results suggested that the optimal temperature for development of X. glabratus was around 28 °C, and that temperature will play an important role in the spread and successful establishment of X. glabratus.

 

Resumen

El escarabajo ambrosia del laurel rojo, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) es una plaga no nativa y el vector del hongo patógeno Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva, que causa la enfermedad de la marchitez del laurel en los árboles de la familia Lauraceae. La marchitez del laurel está presente en áreas de la Florida donde se siembra el aguacate comercial (Persea americana Mill) y representa una amenaza potencial para las industrias de aguacate en California y México. Se estudió el ciclo de vida de X. glabratus en troncos de aguacate a los 16, 20, 24, 28 y 32 ° C. Xyleborus glabratus completó con éxito su ciclo de vida a los 24, 28 y 32 °C, con la tasa de oviposición y desarrollo más alto a los 28 °C. Se estudió el desarrollo del huevo y pupa a los 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 28, 32 y 36 °C. Un modelo lineal y 7 modelos no lineales de desarrollo fueron utilizados para modelar el desarrollo del huevo y pupa dependiente de la temperatura. El modelo lineal resultó en un estimado del umbral de la temperatura inferior para desarrollo de huevos y pupas de 13.8 °C y 11.1 °C, respectivamente, y del número de grados-día (GD) para el desarrollo de huevos y pupas a 55.1 GD y 68.2 GD, respectivamente. Los modelos Brier-2, Ratkowsky, Logan y polinomiales dio las mejores estimaciones para el desarrollo del estadio de huevo dependiente de la temperatura, mientras que los modelos Brier-1, Logan y polinomiales dieron las mejores estimaciones para el desarrollo del estadio de pupa dependiente de la temperatura. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la temperatura óptima para el desarrollo de X. glabratus es alrededor de 28 °C, y que la temperatura va a jugar un papel importante en la propagación y establecimiento exitoso de X. glabratus.

 

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Issue

Vol. 98, No. 3 (September 2015)

Section

Research Papers

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