Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Their Management in the Treasure Valley of the Pacific Northwest
Keywords:
onion thrips, IPM, analysis of variance, linear contrasts, insecticide resistance managementAbstract
Summarized from a presentation and discussions at the “Thrips: small players with big damage” Symposium at the Annual Meeting of the Florida Entomological Society, 16 July 2013, Naples, Florida.
Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman and thrips-transmitted Iris yellow spot virus are the most significant pest complex affecting onion production in the Treasure Valley of eastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho. Thrips feeding damage and virus infection significantly reduce onion bulb size and economic returns for this high value crop. The high concentration of onion fields in the Treasure Valley and the long, hot, dry growing season present a number of challenges for managing onion thrips and Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV). Insecticides are the primary tool that growers have to manage this pest complex. With the long growing season, growers need to exercise good insecticide resistance management programs to maintain the effectiveness of currently available insecticides. To do this, growers need to rotate among available products and use as few applications as practical. A challenge for researchers is to determine not only which insecticides are effective but also to determine when during the season different products may be most effectively used. Techniques for analyzing field trial data are discussed, including comparing changes in pest populations before and after various insecticide applications are made. These comparisons can be made through the use of linear estimates and contrasts as part of analyses of variance, and they can aid in determining efficacy of different treatments by accounting for pre-application populations. These techniques will help researchers in developing sound sequence of insecticide applications for onion thrips management.
El trips de la cebolla Thrips tabaci Lindeman y el virus de mancha amarilla de Iris transmitido por los trips son el complejo de plagas más importantes que afectan la producción de cebolla en el Valle del Tesoro del este de Oregón y el suroeste de Idaho. El daño hecho en la cebolla por la alimentación de los trips e infección del virus pueden reducir significativamente el tamaño del bulbo y la rentabilidad económica de este cultivo de alto valor. La alta concentración de campos de cebolla en el Valle del Tesoro asi como su larga, caliente y seca temporada de crecimiento presentan una serie de desafíos para el manejo de trips de la cebolla y del virus de mancha amarilla de Iris (VMAI). Los insecticidas son las herramientas primarias que los productores tienen para manejar este complejo de plagas. Con la larga temporada de crecimiento, los productores necesitan ejercer buenos programas de manejo de resistencia a insecticidas para mantener la eficacia de los insecticidas actualmente disponibles. Para ello, los productores necesitan como práctica el rotar entre los productos disponibles y utilizar pocas aplicaciones. El reto para los investigadores es determinar no sólo qué insecticidas son eficaces, pero también el determinar cuando durante la temporada de cultivo los diferentes productos pueden ser utilizados con una mayor eficacia. Se discuten las técnicas para el análisis de los datos de ensayos de campo, incluyendo una examinación de la tasa de cambio en poblaciones de plagas, mediante el uso de contrastes como un parte del análisis de varianza. Estas técnicas ayudarán a los investigadores en el desarrollo de la secuencia de aplicaciones acertadas de insecticidas para el manejo de trips de la cebolla.
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