Psyllid Host-plants (Hemiptera: Psylloidea): Resolving a Semantic Problem
Keywords:
jumping plant-lice, psyllids, host-plant, terminologyAbstract
Evolutionary and biological patterns can be obscured by inadequate or ill-defined terminology. An example is the generally very specific relationship between the sap-feeding hemipteran group, psyllids, and their breeding plants, commonly called host-plants. The literature is clogged with references to so called ‘hosts’, which are often merely plants on which psyllids were found accidentally, and no immature development was detected. Recently the term host has also been applied by some authors to any plant on which immature or adults feed. Here we propose a terminology to clarify associated plant definitions, and we suggest restricting the use of the term host-plant to plants on which a psyllid species completes its immature to adult life cycle. For the other plant associations we suggest the terms overwintering or shelter plant (plants on which adult psyllids overwinter and on which they may feed), food plant (plants on which adult psyllids feed, but do not breed and do not spend an extended period of time) and casual plant (plants on which adult psyllids land but do not feed).
Patrones evolutivos y biológicos pueden ser oscurecidas por la terminología inadecuada o mal definida. Un ejemplo es la relación generalmente muy específica entre el grupo de hemípteros chupadores de savia, los psílidos, y sus plantas de desarrollo, generalmente llamadas ‘plantas hospederas’. La literatura está obstruido con referencias a los denominados ‘hospederos’, que a menudo se limita a las plantas en el que los psílidos, donde encontró por accidente y no se detectó el desarrollo inmaduro. Recientemente el térmo ‘hospedero’ también ha sido aplicado por algunos autores a cualquier planta en la que inmaduros o adultos se alimentan. Aquí se propone una terminología para aclarar las definiciones de plantas asociadas, y sugerimos restringir el uso del término planta hospedera a las plantas en los que una especie de psílido completa su ciclo de vida del inmaduro hasta el adulto. Para el resto de asociaciones con las plantas sugerimos los términos planta de hibernación o refugio (las plantas en el que los psílidos adultos pasan el invierno y en la que se pueden alimentar), planta de alimentacion (plantas sobre las que los psílidos adultos se alimentan, pero no se reproducen y no pasan un largo período de tiempo) y de la planta casual (plantas sobre que los psílidos adultos se posan, pero no se alimentan).
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