Trapping the African Fig Fly (Diptera: Drosophilidae) with Combinations of Vinegar and Wine
Keywords:
African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus, lure, bait, trap, kairomoneAbstract
The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive fruit pest that has spread rapidly through much of the eastern United States. Tests were conducted in southern Florida that recorded the response of Z. indianus to baits that included Merlot wine, rice vinegar, ethanol and acetic acid, alone and in combination. The flies were attracted to the wine but not to the vinegar or unbaited traps and were most strongly attracted to the combination of wine and vinegar. More flies were captured in traps baited with the combination of ethanol and acetic acid, the most abundant volatiles of wine and vinegar respectively, than in traps baited with either chemical alone or in unbaited traps. A subsequent test found that traps baited with wine plus acetic acid were as attractive as traps baited with wine plus vinegar. In this test, there was no difference in capture in unbaited traps or traps baited with ethanol plus acetic acid, and intermediate capture was obtained in traps baited with vinegar plus ethanol. These findings suggest that it may be possible to develop a synthetic chemical lure for Z. indianus that is based on volatiles from wine used in combination with acetic acid alone or in combination with other volatiles from vinegar.
La mosca Africana de la higuera, Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), es una plaga invasiva de frutas que se ha extendido rápidamente a través de gran parte del este de los Estados Unidos. Se realizaron pruebas en el sur de Florida, que registró la respuesta de Z. indianus a cebos que incluían vino Merlot, vinagre de arroz, etanol y ácido acético, solos y en combinación. Las moscas fueron atraídas por el vino, pero no por el vinagre o las trampas sin cebo y fueron más fuertemente atraídas a la combinación de vino y vinagre. Más moscas fueron capturadas en trampas cebadas con la combinación de etanol y ácido acético, los compuestos volátiles más abundantes de vino y el vinagre, respectivamente, que en trampas cebadas con cualquier de los dos químicos o en trampas sin cebo. Un examen subsiguiente reveló que las trampas cebadas con vino y etanol fueron tan atractivas como las trampas cebadas con vino y ácido acético. En esta prueba, no hubo una diferencia en la captura en trampas sin cebo o trampas cebadas con etanol y ácido acético, y se obtuvo una captura intermedia en trampas cebadas con vinagre y etanol. Estos hallazgos sugieren que puede ser posible desarrollar un señuelo de química sintética para Z. indianus que se basa en compuestos volátiles de vino utilizados en combinación con ácido acético solo o en combinación con otros compuestos volátiles de vinagre.
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