Evaluation of the Effects of Light Source and Plant Materials on Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Trapping Levels in the Transtrap for Citrus Shipping Containers
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), the principal vector of the pathogen of huanglongbing (HLB), has been reported to be transported in truckloads of oranges in Florida. Citrus, especially Key limes and lemons, are shipped to the U.S. from Mexican states that are heavily infected with HLB. Live, infected psyllids could spread the disease in orchards near inspection facilities or packing houses where trucks are unloaded. Experiments reported here tested the use of a sticky trap with light emitting diode(s) (LED) to detect possible contamination of fruit loads by ACP in containers. Experiments were performed in chambers maintained at temperatures and humidities similar to those in truck trailers arriving from Mexico. The effects of light intensity (no LED, 1 LED, 2 LEDs) and plant material (no material, fruit only, trees and fruit) were measured and analyzed to determine the relative efficacy of the trap types and to the role of plant material in a system to detect the ACP Results showed that ACP could survive in containers with no plant material, fruit only, or a nursery tree as material. The majority of the insects were recovered from the traps with lower psyllid numbers surviving or dying in the container. The traps with 2 LEDs were the most effective, followed by 1 LED traps, then those with no lights. These results showed that the psyllids in these chambers were more likely to be trapped than to survive or die in the chamber. Thus, sticky traps with LEDs as a light attractant can be effective means to detect psyllid contamination in citrus shipping.Se ha informado que el psílido asiático de los cítricos (PAC), el vector principal del patógeno Huanglongbing (HLB), se ha transportado en camiones de naranjas en la Florida. Los cítricos, especialmente los limones verdes y los limones amarillos, se envían a los EE.UU. de los estados mexicanos que están infectados con HLB y los psílidos vivos infectados pueden transmitir la enfermedad en los huertos cercanos a las instalaciones de inspección o empacadoras donde se descargan los camiones. Experimentos reportados aquí probaron el uso de una trampa pegajosa con diodo emisor de luz (s) (DEL) para detectar la posible contaminación de las cargas de frutas por PAC en contenedores. Se realizaron los experimentos en cámaras mantenidas a temperaturas y humedades similares a las de remolques de camiones procedentes de México. Se midieron y analizaron los efectos de la intensidad de la luz (sin DEL, DEL 1, DEL 2) y material de la planta (sin material, sólo fruta, árboles y frutos) para determinar la eficacia relativa de las clases de trampas y el papel de material vegetal en el sistema para detectar el PAC. Los resultados mostraron que el PAC podría sobrevivir en recipientes sin material de plantas, sólo frutas, ofruta más material de la planta. La mayoría de los insectos fueron recuperados de las trampas con números más pequeños de psílidos supervivientes o muertos en el recipiente. Las trampas con 2 DELs fue la más efectiva, seguido de la trampa con 1 DEL, y luego aquellas sin luces. Estos resultados mostraron que los psílidos en estas cámaras tenían un mayor probabilidad de ser atrapados que para sobrevivir o morir en la cámara. Por lo tanto, las trampas pegajosas juntas con los DELs como un atrayente de luz puede ser un medio eficaz para detectar la contaminación por psílidos en el transporte de cítricos.
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