Arthropod Biodiversity and Community Structures of Organic Rice Ecosystems in Guangdong Province, China
Abstract
The diversity and community structure of arthropods in an organic double-cropped rice ecosystem in Guangdong Province, China was studied. We compared the arthropod communities in the early season (Apr-Jul) crop to those in the late season (Aug-Nov) crop in 2009. The comparisons were undertaken using a combination of community assessment approaches, including morphospecies richness, the Shannon-Weaver diversity index, H', the Pielou-evenness index, J, the Simpson dominance index C, the Jaccard similarity index q and the compositions of the sub communities. We collected 114 species of arthropods, which consisted of including 58 species of spiders, 16 species of predatory insects, 25 species of phytophagous insects, 15 species of neutral/other insects, in early season crop. Subsequently we collected 109 species of arthropods, which consisted of 50 species of spiders, 19 species of predatory insects, 24 species of phytophagous insects, and 16 species of neutral/other insects, in the late season crop. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) between the arthropod communities of the early and late season rice crops with respect to the Shannon- Weaver diversity index, the Pielou evenness index and the Simpson dominance index. Moreover the Jaccard similarity index in early and late season rice was as high, i.e., 0.70. The spider sub community had the greatest number of species in both rice crops, but the phytophagous insect sub community had the largest number of individuals in both rice crops. The dominance of predatory insects in the early season rice crop was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than in late season crop, but there was no significant difference in the composition of the neutral/other subcommunity between the early and late season rice crops.Se realizo un trabajo para estudiar la diversidad y la estructura de la comunidad de artrópodos en los ecosistemas de arroz orgánico en la provincia de Guangdong, China. Se comparó la comunidad de artrópodos en los ecosistemas de arroz del principio y el final de la temporada entre abril y noviembre del 2009. Estas comparisiones se llevaron a cabo utilizando una combinación de enfoques de evaluación de la comunidad, incluyendo la riqueza de morfoespecies, el indice H de diversidad de Shannon-Weaver’, el indice J de Pielou-evennes, el índice C de dominancia de Simpson, el índice q de similitud de Jaccard y la composición de la comunidad. Se recolectaron 114 especies de artrópodos (incluyendo 58 especies de arañas, 16 especies de insectos depredadores, 25 especies de insectos fitófagos, 15 especies de insectos neutrales y otros) en arroz de la temporada temprana y 109 especies de artrópodos (incluyendo 50 especies de arañas, 19 especies de insectos depredadores, 24 especies de insectos fitófagos, 16 especies de insectos neutrales y otros) en el arroz del final de temporada. No hubo diferencias significativas (P < 0.05) en el índice de diversidad de Shannon-Weaver, el índice de uniformidad de Pielou y el índice de dominancia de Simpson entre el arroz de la temporada temprana y la temporada tardía. El máximo del índice de similitud de Jaccard en el arroz de la temporada temprana y tardía fue 0.70. Los insectos fitófagos fueron predominantes y las arañas tenían el mayor número de miembros en arroz de la temporada temprana y tardía. El predominio de insectos depredadores en arroz de la temporada temprana fue significativamente menor (P < 0.05) que en arroz de la temporada tardia, pero no hubo una diferencia significativa en las composiciones de otros subcomunidades entre arroz de la temporada temprana y de la temporada tardía.
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