Efficacy of Foliar Insecticides on Eggs of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Abstract
Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are important insect pests of crops. Stink bug feeding reduces yields, lowers crop quality, induces delayed maturity, and wounds tissues allowing for pathogen entry. Historically, effective adult and nymph control of stink bugs has been with insecticides. However, little insecticide efficacy against stink bug eggs is known. The objective of this study was to determine how foliar insecticides currently recommend for southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.), control in soybean impact pre-emergence nymphal mortality using an egg dip bioassay. Eight formulate insecticides were tested. Differences in nymphal stink bug pre-emergence mortality were recorded. The lowest instances of stink bug emergence (and highest mortality) were observed in egg masses treated with bifenthrin (78.7%) followed by beta-cyfluthrin + acephate (42.5%) and acephate (40.9%). The highest emergence (and lowest mortality) occurred in egg masses treated with spinosad (10.4%). Results indicate that insecticides used to control stink bug nymphs and adults can impact nymphal pre-emergence mortality and control southern green stink bugs before emergence.Resumen: Los chinches hediondos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) son plagas importantes de los cultivos. Alimentación por los chinches reduce el rendimiento y la calidad del cultivo, induce retraso de la madurez y causa heridas en los tejidos que permite la entrada de patógenos. Históricamente, el control eficaz de los adultos y ninfas de chinches ha sido a través del uso de insecticidas. Sin embargo, se sabe muy poco acerca de cómo estos productos impactan los huevos de los chinches. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar cómo los insecticidas foliares que se recomienda actualmente para el control del chinche verde hediondo del sur, Nezara viridula (L.), en soja, impactan la mortalidad de las ninfas pre-emergidas utilizando un bioessayo de submergir los huevos en ocho diferentes formulaciones de insecticidas. Se detectaron diferencias en la mortalidad de las ninfas pre-emergidas de los chinches en los insecticidas probados. Se observó la menor emergencia de los chinches (y la más alta mortalidad) en las masas de huevos tratados con bifentrina (78.7%), seguido por beta-ciflutrina + acefato (42.5%) y acefato (40.9%). La mayor emergencia (y la más baja mortalidad) sucedió en las masas de huevos tratados con spinosad (10.4%). Estos resultados indican que los insecticidas dirigidos a las ninfas y adultos de chinches hediondas pueden impactar la mortalidad de las ninfas pre-emergidas en las masas de huevos y tienen la capacidad para controlar las chinches verdes hediondas del sur antes de que se emergen.
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