Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) Species, Their Hosts and Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Five Municipalities of the State of Amapá, Brazil

Abstract

A total of 817 samples (1,094.36 kg) of potential fruit fly (Diptera:Tephritidae) hosts were collected from 70 plant species across 29 families in the state of Amapá, Brazil. Twenty-three of these plant species were infested with tephritid larvae. Twelve species of Anastrepha were recovered in different proportions: Anastrepha striata (82.65%), Anastrepha coronilli (6.63%), Anastrepha obliqua (5.47%), Anastrepha distincta (2.28%), Anastrepha fraterculus (2.10%), Anastrepha parishi (0.30%), Anastrepha leptozona (0.22%), Anastrepha pickeli (0.11%), Anastrepha antunesi (0.07%), Anastrepha serpentina (0.07%), Anastrepha sororcula (0.06%), and Anastrepha zenildae (0.04%). Anastrepha striata was recorded from the greatest number of hosts (14 plant species in 8 families). The periods of occurrence of different Anastrepha species were variable, but we observed that A. striata was constantly present in Psidium guajava and sporadically present in fruits of other hosts. The fruits of wild plant species showed the highest rates of infestation by fruit flies with Pouteria sp.1 presenting a rate of (434.29 puparia/kg), followed by Manihot sp. (130.43 puparia/kg) and Inga sp.5 (120.62 puparia/kg). All of parasitoids recovered from collection of infested fruit were Braconidae: Doryctobracon areolatus (95.86%), Opius bellus (2.76%), Asobara anastrephae (1.07%), and Utetes anastrephae (0.31%). The highest percentage of parasitism (8.45%) was observed in samples of Spondias mombin.

Resumen: Obteve-se 817 amostras de frutos (1.094,36 kg) potencialmente hospedeiros de moscas-dasfrutas de 70 espécies vegetais incluídas em 29 famílias, destas 23 espécies apresentaram infestação por Tephritidae. Houve registro de 12 espécies de Anastrepha: Anastrepha striata (82,65%), Anastrepha coronilli (6,63%), Anastrepha obliqua (5,47%), Anastrepha distincta (2,28%), Anastrepha fraterculus (2,10%), Anastrepha parishi (0,30%), Anastrepha leptozona (0,22%), Anastrepha pickeli (0,11%), Anastrepha antunesi (0,07%), Anastrepha serpentina (0,07%), Anastrepha sororcula (0,06%) e Anastrepha zenildae (0,04%). Anastrepha striata foi a que apresentou maior número de hospedeiros (14 espécies de frutos de 8 famílias). O período de ocorrência das espécies de moscas-das-frutas foi variável, entretanto foi possível observar a presença constante de A. striata em Psidium guajava e sua ocorrência esporádica nos demais hospedeiros. Os índices de infestação mostraram que os frutos silvestres apresentam as maiores infestações por moscas-das-frutas. Pouteria sp.1 apresentou a maior infestação (434,29 pp/kg) seguido de Manihot sp. (130,43 pp/kg) e Inga sp.5 (120,62 pp/kg). Todos os parasitoides obtidos pertencem à família Braconidae: Doryctobracon areolatus (95,86%), Opius bellus (2,76%), Asobara anastrephae (1,07%) e Utetes anastrephae (0.31%). Spondias mombin foi o fruto que apresentou maior percentual de parasitismo (8,45%).

View this article in BioOne