Host Ranges and Infestation Indices of Fruit Flies (Tephritidae) and Lance Flies (Lonchaeidae) in São Paulo State, Brazil
Abstract
The knowledge of the status of the different fruit fly species and their hosts is essential to manage these insects. This work reports the associations of tephritoid fly species (Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae) with fruits collected from 67 municipalities in São Paulo State, Brazil. From Mar 1997 to Sep 2003, a total of 536 fruit samples was collected from 63 plant species in 28 botanical families. From overall collections, the average infestation index ranged from 0.01 to 22.98 pupae per fruit. The highest infestation was observed in Cucurbita moschata (Dusc.) Poir, followed by Mangifera indica Linnaeus and Passiflora alata Curtis, with 107.14, 59.00, and 38.50 pupae/ fruit, respectively. The pupae/kg of fruit index ranged from 0.01 in Manihot esculenta Crantz to 277.91 in Citharexylum myrianthum Cham. In total 43,104 pupae and 26,368 adults of Tephritoidea were recovered from all collections. The following Tephritoidea adults were observed: Anastrepha amita Zucchi, Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, Anastrepha distincta Greene, Anastrepha. fraterculus (Wied.), Anastrepha grandis (Macquart), Anastrepha leptozona Hendel, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), Anastrepha pseudoparallela (Loew), Anastrepha serpentina (Wied.), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) and Lonchaeidae. All host species infested by C. capitata or Anastrepha spp. also were infested by Lonchaeidae.El conocimiento del estatus de hospedero es fundamental para el éxito del manejo de las especies de moscas de las frutas. Este trabajo reporta la asociación de moscas de las frutas (Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae) con huéspedes colectados en 67 municipios del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Desde marzo de 1997 a septiembre de 2003, fueran obtenidos en total de 536 muestras de frutas de 63 especies botánicas, pertenecientes a 28 familias. Del total de las muestras infestadas, los índices de infestación promedio fluctuaron entre 0.01 a 22.98 pupas por fruta. El máximo promedio de infestación fue encontrado en Cucurbita moschata (Dusc.) Poir, seguido por Mangifera indica L. y Passiflora alata Curtis, con107.14, 59.00 y 38.50 pupas/fruto, respectivamente. En términos de pupario/Kg de fruta, los índices fluctuaron entre 0.01 (Manihot esculenta) a 277.91 (Citharexylum myrianthum). Se obtuvo un total de 43,104 puparios y 26,368 adultos de Tephritoidea. Adultos de Tephritoidea obtenidos fueron: Anastrepha amita Zucchi, Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, Anastrepha distincta Greene, Anastrepha. fraterculus (Wied.), Anastrepha grandis (Macquart), Anastrepha leptozona Hendel, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), Anastrepha pseudoparallela (Loew), Anastrepha serpentina (Wied.), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) y Lonchaeidae. En todos los hospederos infestados por C. capitata o Anastrepha spp. también se registro la presencia de especimenes de Lonchaeidae.
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