New findings on carambola fruit fly hosts in South America
Abstract
Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae), the carambola fruit fly, is a quarantine pest present in Brazil, restricted to the states of Amapá, Pará, and Roraima. Its dispersion to other regions of the country could cause serious socioeconomic damage. Fruits were collected from urban trees, residential backyards, and small orchards in rural and urban areas of the municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá, Brazil. A total of 240 samples (11,126 fruits; 288.8 kg) of 33 plant species (16 native and 17 introduced species) from 19 families were collected. Bactrocera carambolae was isolated from the fruits of 13 plant species. In addition, specimens of 8 Anastrepha species were collected in this study. Moreover, 5 parasitoid species (Hymenoptera; 3 Braconidae and 2 Figitidae species) associated with Anastrepha spp. were identified. Overall, this study adds 3 new records to the list of host plants for B. carambolae in Brazil (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.; Moraceae, Passiflora quadrangularis L.; Passifloraceae, and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.; Rhamnaceae), two of them (A. heterophyllus and P. quadrangularis) new records for South America, and demonstrates new interactions between Anastrepha species and host plants in the extreme north of the state of Amapá. Notably, this is the first report of the figitid species, Aganaspis nordlanderi Wharton, in the state of Amapá.
Resumo
Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae), a mosca-da-carambola, é uma praga quarentenária presente no Brasil, restrita aos estados do Amapá, Pará e Roraima. Sua dispersão para outras regiões do país poderia causar sérios prejuízos socioeconômicos. Os frutos foram coletados em árvores urbanas, quintais residenciais e pequenos pomares nas áreas rurais e urbanas do município de Oiapoque, Amapá, Brasil. Um total de 240 amostras (11.126 frutos; 288,8 kg) de 33 espécies vegetais (16 nativas e 17 introduzidas) de 19 famílias foram coletadas. Bactrocera carambolae foi isolada dos frutos de 13 espécies vegetais. Além de B. carambolae, foram coletados neste estudo espécimes de 8 espécies de Anastrepha. Além disso, 5 espécies de parasitoides (Hymenoptera; 3 espécies de Braconidae e 2 de Figitidae) associadas a Anastrepha spp. foram identificadas. No geral, este estudo acrescenta 3 novos registros à lista de plantas hospedeiras de B. carambolae no Brasil (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.; Moraceae, Passiflora quadrangularis L.; Passifloraceae e Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.; Rhamnaceae), dois deles novos registros na América do Sul (A. heterophyllus e P. quadrangularis) e demonstra novas interações entre espécies de Anastrepha e plantas hospedeiras no extremo norte do estado do Amapá. Notavelmente, este é o primeiro relato da espécie de figitídeo Aganaspis nordlanderi Wharton no estado do Amapá.
Key Words: Bactrocera carambolae; ecology; pest; Amapá; Amazon
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