Spatiotemporal distribution of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), in a southeastern agroecosystem

Authors

  • Erin E. Grabarczyk USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, Georgia 37193, USA
  • Tobin D. Northfeld Washington State University, Department of Entomology, Wenatchee, Washington 98801, USA
  • Russell Mizell III University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA
  • Jeremy K. Greene Clemson University, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Blackville, South Carolina 29817, USA
  • Ted E. Cottrell USDA-ARS, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, Georgia 31008, USA
  • P. Glynn Tillman USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, Georgia 37193, USA
  • Peter C. Andersen University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA
  • T. Charles Riddle University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA
  • Wayne B. Hunter USDA-ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft Pierce, Florida 34945, USA

Abstract

The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a generalist xylem feeder insect species and an agricultural pest. In agroecosystems, adults disperse between habitats, foraging on crop and non-crop hosts, oftentimes vectoring a harmful plant pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae). Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of this species in crops and the surrounding non-crop habitat may lead to improved pest management programs that reduce pathogen transmission. Here, we used 3 yr of trapping data across a southeastern US agroecosystem to characterize spatiotemporal distribution patterns of the glassy-winged sharpshooter in a variety of habitats. Adult glassy-winged sharpshooters were captured weekly on yellow sticky cylinder traps. Spatial Analysis by Distance Indices (SADIE) was used to identify significant aggregations and interpolated maps generated to characterize distribution patterns of adults within season and between yrs. Overall, the distribution of glassy-winged sharpshooters varied seasonally with individuals captured primarily in woodlands and fallow fields during early season mo. Later in the growing season and as population levels increased, sharpshooters were captured more commonly in crop habitat, including wheat and corn fields. By evaluating spatiotemporal distribution patterns, we identified likely sources of spring migration into cropping systems. Thus, pest management strategies for the glassy-winged sharpshooter should seek to limit early spring migration from non-crop habitat into crop fields.

Resumen

La chicharrita de alas cristalinas, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), es una especie de insecto generalista que se alimenta del xilema y es una plaga agrícola. En los agroecosistemas, los adultos se dispersan entre hábitats, alimentándose de hospederos cultivados y no cultivados, a menudo es un vector de un patógeno dañino para las plantas, Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae). Al entender la dinámica espaciotemporal de esta especie en los cultivos y su hábitat no agrícola alrededor del campo puede conducir a mejores programas de manejo de plagas que reduzcan la transmisión de patógenos. Aquí, usamos 3 años de datos de captura en un agroecosistema del sureste de los EE. UU. para caracterizar los patrones de distribución espaciotemporal de la chicharrita de alas cristalinas en una variedad de hábitats. Se capturaron los adultos de la chicharrita de alas cristalinas en trampas cilíndricas adhesivas amarillas. Se utilizó el análisis espacial por índices de distancia (SADIE) para identificar agregaciones significativas y se generaron mapas interpolados para caracterizar los patrones de distribución de adultos dentro de la temporada y entre años. En general, la distribución de las chicharritas de alas cristalinas varió según la estación, y los individuos fueron capturados principalmente en bosques y campos en barbecho durante el mes de comienzo de la temporada. Más adelante en la temporada de crecimiento y a medida que aumentaban los niveles de población, las chicharritas se capturaban más comúnmente en el hábitat de cultivos, incluidos los campos de trigo y maíz. Mediante la evaluación de los patrones de distribución espaciotemporal, identificamos fuentes probables de migración primaveral hacia los sistemas de cultivo. Por lo tanto, las estrategias de manejo de plagas para la chicharrita de alas cristalinas deben tratar de limitar la migración temprana de la primavera desde el hábitat sin cultivos a los campos de cultivo.

Keywords: glassy-winged sharpshooter; leafhopper; insect vector; SADIE; red-blue plot; southeastern agroecosystem

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Author Biographies

Erin E. Grabarczyk, USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, Georgia 37193, USA

USDA –ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, Tifton, GA 37193, USA, E-mail: erin.grabarczyk@usda.gov

Tobin D. Northfeld, Washington State University, Department of Entomology, Wenatchee, Washington 98801, USA

Washington State University, Department of Entomology, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA, E-mail: tnorthfeld@wsu.edu

Russell Mizell III, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA

University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351, USA, E-mail: rfmizell@ufl.edu

Jeremy K. Greene, Clemson University, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Blackville, South Carolina 29817, USA

Clemson University, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Blackville, SC, 29817, USA, E-mail: greene4@clemson.edu

Ted E. Cottrell, USDA-ARS, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, Georgia 31008, USA

USDA-ARS, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, GA, 31008, USA, E-mail: Ted.Cottrell@usda.gov

P. Glynn Tillman, USDA-ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, Georgia 37193, USA

USDA –ARS, Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory, Tifton, GA 37193, USA, E-mail: Glynn.Tillman@usda.gov

Peter C. Andersen, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA

University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351, USA, E-mail: pcand@ufl.edu

T. Charles Riddle, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida 32351, USA

University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351, USA.

Wayne B. Hunter, USDA-ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft Pierce, Florida 34945, USA

USDA – ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft Pierce, FL 34945, USA, E-mail: wayne.hunter@usda.gov

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Published

2023-01-15

Issue

Vol. 105, No. 4 (December 2022)

Section

Research Papers

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