Comparison of Bemisia tabaci infestation, virus infection, and yield in conventional and transgenic Bean golden mosaic virus-resistant common bean elite lines
Abstract
In Brazil, the Cowpea mild mottle virus vectored by Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is an emerging threat for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae), including genetically modified elite bean lines developed for resistance to the Bean golden mosaic virus. To investigate this interaction, we quantified the susceptibility of 10 Bean golden mosaic virus-resistant lines to Cowpea mild mottle virus infection in 2 regions in Brazil with natural incidence of viruliferous B. tabaci. In 2 field trials, B. tabaci established on all varieties, but showed preference for the conventional cultivars ‘Pérola’ and ‘BRS Pontal’ when compared with elite lines (averaging > 400 nymphs per leaflet, and > 97% infection rate in 1 study). However, whereas elite lines were resistant to Bean golden mosaic virus, all became infected with Cowpea mild mottle virus. Highest infection rates (19 to 99% infected plants) occurred in genetically modified elite lines derived from BRS Pontal versus Pérola (12 to 16%). When comparing seed yield, most elite lines outperformed their conventional recurrent parent. On average, elite lines achieved relative yield increases between 199 and 1,045%, and the varieties CNFCT 16205 and CNFCT 16210 were the most productive in our field trials. Our results showed that the use of common bean cultivars resistant to golden mosaic is an important tool within integrated management strategies for whiteflies and viruses. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the threat of Cowpea mild mottle virus and the nature of whitefly interactions between these different viruses.
Resumo
No Brasil, o Cowpea mild mottle virus transmitido pela Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), é uma ameaça emergente ao feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae), incluindo as linhas elites de feijão geneticamente modificadas desenvolvidas para resistência ao Bean golden mosaic virus. Para investigar essa interação, quantificamos a suscetibilidade de dez linhas geneticamente modificadas resistentes ao Bean golden mosaic virus à infecção pelo Cowpea mild mottle virus em duas regiões do Brasil com incidência natural de B. tabaci virulíferas. Em dois ensaios de campo, B. tabaci estabeleceu em todas as variedades, mas mostrou preferência pelas cultivares convencionais ‘Pérola’ e ‘BRS Pontal’ quando comparadas com as linhas elite geneticamente modificadas (média > 400 ninfas por folíolo e > 97% taxa de infecção por virus em um dos estudos). No entanto, embora as linhas elite foram resistentes ao Bean golden mosaic virus, todas foram infectadas pelo Cowpea mild mottle virus. As maiores taxas de infecção (19 a 99% de plantas infectadas) ocorreram nas linhas elite geneticamente modificadas derivadas da BRS Pontal versus Pérola (12 a 16%). Ao comparar a produtividade, a maioria das linhas elite superou seu pai convencional recorrente. Os aumentos relativos de rendimento foi de 199 a 1.045% sendo as variedades CNFCT 16205 e CNFCT 16210 as mais produtivas. Nossos resultados mostraram que o uso de cultivares de feijão resistentes ao mosaico dourado é uma ferramenta importante dentro das estratégias integradas de manejo para moscas-brancas e vírus. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para elucidar à ameaça do Cowpea mild mottle virus e a natureza das interações da mosca-branca com estes diferentes vírus.
Key Words: Aleyrodidae; isogenic lines; carioca; virus-whitefly interactions; yield
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