Survey of Florida olive groves during olive fruit development: monitoring for stink bugs and olive fruit flies
Abstract
Olives, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae), are an emerging commercial crop in Florida; however, potential arthropod threats during olive tree establishment and fruit development remain uncharacterized. Two potential pests that may threaten olive fruit production directly are native and invasive pentatomid stink bugs, which are important pest species of many crops in the southeast, and the invasive olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae), which is not known to be established in Florida. Monitoring for stink bugs during fruit maturation was done using dual funnel tube traps baited with stink bug lures. Yellow sticky card traps baited with food and pheromone lures were used to monitor for the olive fruit fly. Both trap types were placed in tree canopies in 4 North Central Florida olive groves during the anticipated fruit development period for 2 growing seasons. Whereas neither of the invasive species targeted (Halyomorpha halys Stål [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae] or B. oleae) were detected, several other potential pests were identified including brown stink bugs (Euschistus spp.; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), glassy winged sharpshooters, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and grasshoppers. No fruit damage attributable to arthropod pests was detected although fruit production was very low with limited samples. These results contribute to awareness of potential pests that may jeopardize olive fruit production and aid in the future studies to develop effective monitoring activities for Florida growers.
Resumen
La aceituna, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae), es un cultivo comercial emergente en la Florida; sin embargo, las posibles amenazas de artrópodos durante el establecimiento del olivo y el desarrollo de la fruta no han sido caracterizadas. Dos plagas potenciales que pueden amenazar directamente la producción del olivo son las chinches pentatómidas nativas e invasoras, que son importantes especies de plagas de muchos cultivos en el sureste de Estados Unidos, y la mosca invasora del olivo, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae), que no se sabe si está establecida en la Florida. Se realizó el control de las chinches hediondas durante la maduración de la fruta utilizando trampas de tubo de embudo doble cebadas con señuelos para chinches hediondas. Se usaron trampas amarillas de tarjetas adhesivas cebadas con comida y señuelos de feromonas para monitorear la mosca del olivo. Se colocaron ambos tipos de trampas en las copas de los árboles en 4 olivares del centro norte de Florida durante el período de desarrollo anticipado de la fruta durante 2 temporadas de crecimiento. Si bien no se detectó ninguna de las especies invasoras enfocadas (Halyomorpha halys Stål [Hemiptera: Pentatomidae] o B. oleae), se identificaron varias otras plagas potenciales, incluidas las chinches hediondas pardas (Euschistus spp.; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), chicharrita de alas cristalinas, Homalodisca vitripennis Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) y saltamontes. No se detectaron daños en la fruta atribuibles a plagas de artrópodos, aunque la producción de fruta fue muy baja con muestras limitadas. Estos resultados contribuyen a la conciencia de las plagas potenciales que pueden poner en peligro la producción de aceitunas y ayudan en los estudios futuros para desarrollar actividades de monitoreo efectivas para los productores de la Florida.
Key Words: Pentatomidae; Bactrocera oleae; Olea europaea; Halyomorpha halys; Homalodisca vitripennis; trapping
View this article in BioOne https://doi.org/10.1653/024.104.0403
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