Spatial distribution of Listroderes costirostris and Hypera postica (Curculionidae: Cyclominae, Hyperinae) on a celery crop in Mexico’s Northwest Region
Abstract
Celery, Apium graveolens L. (Apiaceae), is an essential salad ingredient in different parts of the world, and production is principally destined for the fresh market. Celery hosts several insect species, including the weevil Listroderes costirostris Schoenher (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Listroderes costirostris currently is present in the San Quintin Valle, Baja California, Mexico, on commercial celery crops. Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feeds on several plants of the Fabaceae family and is the principal pest affecting Medicago sativa L. (Fabaceae) alfalfa crops. The purpose of this work was to assess the degree of infestation, spatial distribution, and the association between L. costirostris and H. postica on A. graveolens, in Baja California, Mexico. We established 4 quadrants in 1 ha, and we sampled 100 plants per quadrant in each sample. We collected 22 samplings, counting the larvae and adults of both species. Hypera postica was reported herein for the first time feeding on A. graveolens plants. Between 9.57% and 28.68% of the celery plants served as hosts to both species. Listroderes costirostris had the highest percentage of infested plants. The competitive interaction of these 2 species affected H. postica, which showed lesser abundance. Both species were associated in all the sample quadrants. Listroderes costirostris registered an aggregated distribution pattern, whereas H. postica presented a uniform distribution. The spatial distribution of H. postica is the result of competing for food and space with L. costirostris.
Sumario
El apio, Apium graveolens L. (Apiaceae), es un ingrediente esencial para ensaladas en diferentes partes del mundo, y la producción está principalmente destinada al mercado de productos frescos. El apio hospeda a varias especies de insectos, incluido el gorgojo Listroderes costirostris Schoenher (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Listroderes costirostris actualmente está presente en el Valle de San Quintín, Baja California, México, en cultivos comerciales de apio. Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) se alimenta de varias plantas de la familia Fabaceae y es la principal plaga que afecta al cultivo de alfalfa de Medicago sativa L. (Fabaceae). El propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de infestación, distribución espacial y la asociación entre L. costirostris y H. postica en A. graveolens, en Baja California, México. Establecimos 4 cuadrantes en 1 ha, y muestreamos 100 plantas por cuadrante en cada muestra. Recolectamos 22 muestras, contando las larvas y adultos de ambas especies. Se registra por primera vez a Hypera postica alimentarse de plantas de A. graveolens. Entre el 9.57% y 28.68% de las plantas de apio sirvieron como hospederos de ambas especies. Listroderes costirostris tuvo el mayor porcentaje de plantas infestadas. La interacción competitiva de estas 2 especies afectó a H. postica, cual mostró menor abundancia. Ambas especies se asociaron en todos los cuadrantes de la muestra. Listroderes costirostris registró un patrón de distribución agregada, mientras que H. postica presentó una distribución uniforme. La distribución espacial de H. postica es el resultado de competir por alimentos y espacio con L. costirostris.
Key Words: new record; host; interaction; spatial distribution; weevils
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