Effects of temperature on survival, development, and reproduction of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) autumnal morphs
Abstract
Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a common pest in soybeans in China. Though the pest has been studied extensively for many yr, there is little information regarding life history traits of A. glycines autumnal morphs on buckthorn in autumn. Life tables were constructed of A. glycines gynoparae, males, and oviparae reared at 13, 18, 23, 28, and 33 °C with a photoperiod of 12:12 h (L:D). Our results showed that gynoparae nymphs of A. glycines could survive well at temperatures from 13 to 33 °C, but male and oviparae nymphs could not develop into adults at 33 °C. Development time of nymphal gynoparae, males, and oviparae all gradually decreased when temperatures increased from 13 to 28 °C. Adult longevity of gynoparae and virgin males also decreased gradually when temperatures increased from 13 to 28 °C. Fecundity of A. glycines gynoparae was the greatest at 23 °C, with a value of 15.87 ± 0.33 oviparae per gynoparae. Males and oviparae of A. glycines mated only at 13 and 18 °C in the laboratory. Oviparae fecundity at 18 °C was greater than at 13 °C. This study provides important information on survival, development, and reproduction of A. glycines autumnal morphs, which is useful for understanding the population dynamics and life cycle of A. glycines in autumn, and to study the ecological adaptability of A. glycines in autumn.
Resumen
Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) es una plaga común en la soja en China. Aunque la plaga ha sido ampliamente estudiada durante muchos años, hay poca información sobre los rasgos de la historia de vida de las formas otoñales de A. glycines en espino amarillo en el otoño. Se construyeron tablas de vida de los ginoparae, machos y ovíparas de A. glycines criados a 13, 18, 23, 28, y 33 °C con un fotoperíodo de 12:12 (L: D). Nuestros resultados mostraron que las ninfas ginoparae de A. glycines podrían sobrevivir bien a temperaturas de 13 a los 33 °C, pero las ninfas masculinas y ovíparas no podrían desarrollarse en adultos a los 33 °C. El tiempo de desarrollo de la ninfa gineparae, los machos y las oviparas disminuyó gradualmente cuando las temperaturas aumentaron de 13 a 28 °C. La longevidad adulta de gynoparae y machos vírgenes también disminuyó gradualmente cuando las temperaturas aumentaron de 13 a 28 °C. La fecundidad del ginoparae de A. glycines fue la mayor a 23 °C, con un valor de 15.83 ± 0.33 oviparas por ginoparae. Los machos y las oviparas de A. glycines se aparearon solo a 13 y 18 °C en el laboratorio. La fecundidad de las oviparas a 18 °C fue mayor que la de 13 °C. Este estudio proporciona información importante sobre la sobrevivencia, el desarrollo y la reproducción de las formas otoñales de A. glycines, lo que es útil para comprender la dinámica de la población y el ciclo de vida de A. glycines y para estudiar la adaptabilidad ecológica de A. glycines en otoño.
Key Words: Aphis glycines; autumnal morphs; temperature; life table
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