Population development of bean weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in landrace varieties of cowpeas and common beans

Authors

  • Josiane Moura do Nascimento Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
  • Lucas Martins Lopes Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
  • Josilene Ferreira Rocha Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
  • Vanderley Borges dos Santos Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
  • Adalberto Hipólito de Sousa Center for Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Acre, 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil

Abstract

Bean weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) are responsible for large quantity losses of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.; Fabaceae) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae). The magnitude of damage is related to the grains’ varietal susceptibility. The objective of this study was to determine the population development rates of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in 4 landrace varieties of cowpea (var. ‘UFAC-B01,’ ‘UFAC-MV01,’ ‘UFAC-MG01,’ and ‘UFAC-Q01’), as well as the population development rates of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in 4 landrace varieties of common bean (var. ‘UFAC-G01,’ ‘UFAC-M01,’ ‘UFAC-P01,’ and ‘UFAC-R01’). We determined the population development rates of the weevils in each variety. The weight of 100 grains (g) and the percentage of grain weight loss were measured, and correlations between these variables were analyzed. The statistical design was completely randomized, with 4 replications. Varieties UFAC-Q01 (cowpea) and UFAC-R01 (common bean) showed lower insect population development rates than other varieties. Although variations were found in the weight of 100 grains and grain weight loss, no significant correlations with bean weevil population development were observed. The cowpea and common bean landrace varieties from the southwestern Amazon region are important sources of resistance to bean weevils. The UFAC-Q01 cowpea variety and the UFAC-R01 common bean variety showed lower susceptibility to C. maculatus and Z. subfasciatus, respectively.

 

Resumo

Os bruquídeos (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) são responsáveis por elevadas perdas na qualidade do caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.; Fabaceae) e feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae), sendo que a magnitude dos danos está relacionados a susceptibilidade varietal dos grãos. O objetivo desta investigação foi determinar as taxas de desenvolvimento populacional de Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em quarto variedades crioulas de caupi (var. ‘UFAC-B01,’ ‘UFAC-MV01,’ ‘UFAC-MG01,’ e ‘UFAC-Q01’), bem como a a taxa de desenvolvimento populacional de Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em quarto variedades crioulas de feijão comum (vbean weevilsar. ‘UFAC-G01,’ ‘UFAC-M01,’ ‘UFAC-P01,’ e ‘UFAC-R01’). Foram realizados bioensaios para determinar as taxas de desenvolvimento populacional dos bruquídeos em cada variedade, e avaliou-se a massa de 100 grãos (g), perda de massa (%) e foram realizadas análises de correlação entre estes fatores. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As variedades UFAC-Q01 e UFAC-R01 de caupi e feijão comum, respectivamente, apresentaram menores taxas de desenvolvimento populacional, comparando-se com as demais variedades. Embora tenha havido variação da massa de 100 grãos, perda de massa, não foram constadas correlações significativamente com o desenvolvimento populacional dos bruquídeos. As variedades landraces de caupi e feijão comum, oriundos da Amazonia Sul-Ocideltal, constituem importantes fontes de resistencia para bruquídeos, sendo que as variedades UFAC-Q01 e UFAC-R01 de caupi e feijão comum apresentaram menor susceptibilidade ao ataque de C. maculatus e Z. subfasciatus.

Key Words: Vigna unguiculata; Phaseolus vulgaris; varietal susceptibility; storage; bruchids

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Published

2020-07-09

Issue

Vol. 103, No. 2 (June 2020)

Section

Research Papers

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