Effect of common ornamental plants on the survivorship and fecundity of the Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Keywords:
Asian tiger mosquito, vegetation, sugar feeding, biology, managementAbstract
Globally, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) has considerably expanded its habitat from rural areas to urban areas as a result of increased urbanization. In some urban areas, this expansion has resulted in this invasive species being elevated as an important vector of dengue virus. Ornamental plants are often a feature of the urban landscape that may provide harborage for mosquitoes. Because adult mosquitoes require carbohydrates for subsistence, landscape vegetation may provide natural sugar sources to meet those needs. The aim of our study was to determine whether feeding on different ornamental plants from urban areas affects the survivorship and fecundity of Ae. albopictus. Newly emerged mosquitoes were given access to 11 ornamental plant species (6 flowering, 5 nonflowering) as sugar sources under laboratory conditions. Generally, survivorship was greater significantly when mosquitoes fed upon the ornamentals compared with those that were offered only water, whereas survivorship was shortened when individuals fed only on sucrose (P < 0.05). Mosquitoes that fed on nonflowering plants laid fewer eggs compared with those exposed to flowering plants. No significant difference was observed in egg hatch from females feeding on any of the plant species. Our findings provide insight into the potential influence that urban ornamental plants may have on the ecology of adult Ae. albopictus. The results of this study provide new avenues for integrated mosquito management in urban landscaped areas by planting ornamental plant species that contribute to lower survivorship and fecundity of peridomestically produced mosquitoes.
Resumen
Globalmente, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) ha ampliado considerablemente su hábitat de las zonas rurales a las áreas urbanas como resultado de una mayor urbanización. En algunas áreas urbanas, esta expansión ha resultado en que esta especie invasora se elevó como un vector importante del virus del dengue. Las plantas ornamentales son a menudo una característica de los lugares urbanos que puede proporcionar refugios para los mosquitos. Debido a que los mosquitos adultos requieren carbohidratos para la subsistencia, la vegetación presente en estos ambientes puede proporcionar fuentes naturales de azúcar para satisfacer esas necesidades. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar si la alimentación sobre diferentes plantas ornamentales en las áreas urbanas pueda afectar la sobrevivencia y la fecundidad de Ae. albopictus. Los mosquitos recién emergidos tuvieron acceso a 11 especies de plantas ornamentales (6 que florecen y 5 de plantas que no florecen) como fuentes de azúcar en condiciones de laboratorio. En general, la sobrevivencia fue significativamente mayor cuando los mosquitos se alimentaron sobre plantas ornamentals en comparación con los que solamente se les ofrecieron agua, mientras que la sobrevivencia fue mas corta cuando los individuos se alimentaron con solamente sacarosa (P < 0.05). Los mosquitos que se alimentaban de plantas sin flores pusieron menos huevos en comparación con los expuestos a las plantas con flores. No se observó una diferencia significativa en la eclosión de huevos de las hembras que se alimentaban sobre las varias especies de plantas. Nuestros hallazgos proporcionan una idea del potencial que las plantas ornamentales urbanas pueden tener para influenciar la ecología de los adultos de Ae. albopictus. Los resultados de este estudio proporcionan nuevas vias para el manejo integrado de mosquitos en jardines urbanos mediante la plantación de especies de plantas ornamentales que contribuyan a una menor sobrevivencia y fecundidad de los mosquitos producidos peridómicamente.
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