Differential proteomic analysis of date palm leaves infested with the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Authors

  • Khawaja Ghulam Rasool Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
  • Muhammad Altaf Khan Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
  • Muhammad Tufail 1 Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. 2 Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
  • Mureed Husain Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
  • Khalid Mehmood Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
  • Muhammad Mukhtar Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
  • Makio Takeda Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
  • Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Keywords:

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus infestation, proteins, differential expression, 2D-DIGE, MALDI-TOF

Abstract

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliv.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a highly damaging pest of palm trees worldwide. The infestation is highly concealed in nature. Hence, a highly sensitive and reliable early detection technique needs to be applied in the field for identification and treatment of the infested date palms to curtail further infestation. We have recently reported the differential proteomic analysis of the date palm stem tissues associated with the red palm weevil infestation. In this study, we examine the response of date palm infested with red palm weevil based on the leaf proteome expression changes detected using two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) followed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization–Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF). We observed qualitative and quantitative proteome differences between the control and weevil-infested date palm samples. The red palm weevil infestation induced specific responses attributable to weevil feeding, relative to artificially wounded trees (which were used as a control). Differential proteomics led to the identification of 32 red palm weevil infestation-specific protein spots (P ≤ 0.05 having ≥ 1.5-fold modulation) that were further subjected to mass spectrometer analysis for identification and characterization. Proteins involved in plant stress and plant defense, photosynthesis, carbohydrate utilization, and protein degradation were affected in infested plants. The differentially expressed red palm weevil infestation-specific peptides can be used as biomarkers for the identification of early infestation with this insect in date palm trees. Moreover, our study demonstrates the potential use of proteomic strategies in diagnosing phyto-infestation caused by insect pests, diseases, and perhaps even for variety selection.

 

Resumen

El picudo rojo de la palma, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliv.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), es una plaga muy dañina de las palmeras en todo el mundo. La infestación está muy oculta en la naturaleza. Por lo tanto, se debe aplicar una técnica de detección temprana altamente sensible y confiable en el campo para la identificación y el tratamiento de las palmeras datileras infestadas para reducir infestaciones en el futuro. Recientemente hemos informado sobre el análisis proteómico diferencial de los tejidos del tallo de palmera datilera asociados con la infestación del picudo rojo de la palmera. En este estudio, examinamos la respuesta de la palmera datilera infestada con picudo rojo en base a los cambios en la expresión del proteoma foliar mediante electroforesis en gel diferencial bidimensional (2D-DIGE) seguida de Desorción/Ionización de Láser Asistida por Matriz-Tiempo-de-Vuelo (MALDI-TOF). Observamos diferencias proteómicas cualitativas y cuantitativas entre las muestras de control y las datileras infestadas de picudos. La infestación del picudo rojo indujo respuestas específicas atribuibles a la alimentación del picudo, en relación con los árboles heridos artificialmente (que se usaron como control). La proteómica diferencial resultó en la identificación de 32 sitios de proteínas específicas de la infestación de picudos rojos (P ≤ 0.05 con modulación ≥ 1.5 veces mayor) que fueron sometidas adicionalmente a análisis de espectrómetro de masas para identificación y caracterización. Las proteínas involucradas en el estrés de la planta y la defensa de la planta, la fotosíntesis, la utilización de carbohidratos y la degradación de las proteínas se vieron afectadas en las plantas infestadas. Los péptidos específicos de la infestación del picudo de la palmera roja expresados diferencialmente se pueden utilizar como biomarcadores para la identificación de la infestación temprana con este insecto en palmeras datileras. Por otra parte, nuestro estudio demuestra el uso potencial de las estrategias proteómicas en el diagnóstico de la fito-infestación causada por plagas de insectos, enfermedades, y tal vez incluso para la selección de variedades.

 

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Author Biographies

Khawaja Ghulam Rasool, Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

Department of Plant Protection/ Assistant Professor

Muhammad Altaf Khan, Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

Department of Plant Production/ Researcher

Muhammad Tufail, 1 Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. 2 Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan

Department of Plant Protection/ Professor

Mureed Husain, Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Plant Protection/ Researcher

Khalid Mehmood, Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Plant Protection/ Researcher

Muhammad Mukhtar, Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.

Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology/ Professor

Makio Takeda, Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan

Organization of Advanced Science and Technology/ Professor

Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood, Economic Entomology Research Unit, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Plant Protection/ Professor

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Published

2019-04-27

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Research Papers