Keywords
pollination process
hemiparasites
Loranthaceae
Amylotheca duthieana (King) Danser
Trithecanthera sparsa Barlow
T. xiphostachys Tiegh
How to Cite
Abstract
We observed pollination process of three hemiparasites, Loranthaceae, Amylotheca duthieana (King) Danser, Trithecanthera sparsa Barlow and T. xiphostachys Tiegh. Flowers of these three species were cylindrical with different corolla lengths. Flowers of A. duthieana, T. sparsa and T. xiphostachys were reddish orange, yellow, and pink in color, respectively. Flowers lacked odor, nectar guides, and landing places for visitors. Long-billed spider hunters (Arachnothera robusta) were main visitors to flowers of all three species, although little spider hunters (Arachnothera longirostra) foraged on A. duthieana and T. sparsa in much less frequency. Aggressive behavior of the long-billed spider hunter might have modified the other nectarivorous birds' foraging pattern. Long-billed spider hunters visited A. duthieana flowers only in the early morning, but visited T. sparsa flowers rather constantly from the morning to noon. Flowers of T. xiphostachys were visited by them at most only two times a day. Diurnal patterns of nectar production and nectar level in the corolla fit well to the above visit patterns to these three species. The utilization of pollinators by three species of mistletoes may be partitioned along a diurnal dimension.
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