Keywords
BROMELIACEAE
SERRANIA DE MACUIRA
How to Cite
Abstract
In a previous paper (Sugden & Robins, 1979) it was shown that eight species of Bromeliaceae occurring in a cloud forest on the Serrania de Macuira, Colombia (12 0 N, 71OW) exhibit various preferences of habitat which may be related to levels of exposure to cloud, which in tum depend upon aspect and altitude. This cloud forest, which extends from 550 m to the summits of the Serrani'a (865 m), is remarkable in that it is surrounded by arid lowlands and depends entirely on the interception of moisture from clouds for at least 10 months of the year. Because of rugged topography and the virtually constant direction of the ENE trade winds, differences in exposure to wind result in a range of canopy height from 1-10 m (Figure 1). The cloud flux or throughput, and hence the levels of cloud interception by the vegetation is greatest when the wind is strongest. The duration of cloud cover increases with altitude; it is at least 12.5 h/night on 77% and 95% of nights respectively at 550 m and 700 m, and the highest peaks sometimes remain in cloud for up to 36 h. Because of the lack ofrainfall, except during the rainy season of October-November, and the small altitudinal range of the cloud forest (which results in a narrow temperature range), the factors limiting the distribution of bromeliad species within the cloud forest are somewhat simplified.
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