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Abstract
How do higher operate as autotrophs in the crowns of trees, and why are so few major taxa found in any but the more humid forest canopies? Both queries are significant since epiphytism -- a little-studied ecological phe- nomenon -- is widespread in the tropics and involves elements of more than 60 families of flowering plants, a few gymnosperms and a many vascular cryptograms (Madison, 1977). Approximately 10% all angiosperms glOW on a host at least occasionally, although usually under more equable condi- tions than those endured by such extreme epiphytes as bromeliad "air and xeric canopy-dwelling orchids. In the following discussion, I wish to pro- pose a philosophical and methodological framework that could prove useful in studying epiphytism as a life strategy and in attempting to answer ques- tions of the kind posed above.
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