Silva, R. A., E. S. Silva, S. R. Antedomenico and M. M. Inomoto. 2008. Fauna of phytonematodes in the Atlantic Forest from Ribeira Valley, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Nematropica 38:1-12. A study was conducted in three Atlantic Forest locations from Ribeira Valley, in the municipalities of Pariquera-Acu and Cananeia, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. In each location, soil was sampled from three points, in four periods of the year and at four depths. Nematodes were extracted by a centrifugal-flotation technique and taxonomic identification was based on morphological and morphometric features. Seventeen taxa were identified: Aorolaimus banoae, Aorolaimus sp., Atalodera sp., Dolichodorus miradvulvus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H. erythrinae, Hemicriconemoides sp., Hemicycliophora poranga, Discocriconemella sp., Mesocriconema sp., Paratrichodorus minor, Paratylenchus sp., Rotylenchus sp., Scutellonema sp., Trophotylenchulus sp., Trophurus lomus and Xiphinema brasiliense. This is the first report of D. miradvulvus and T. lomus from Brazil. Hoplolaimidae and Criconematidae were the families with higher taxonomic richness of species, and such as Tylenchulidae, also showed the highest abundance. Aorolaimus, Helicotylenchus, and Trophotylenchulus were the most abundant genera. The low taxonomic richness values determined can be related to the polyphagous condition of these nematodes. The high similarity between the values obtained for the different sampling sites, depths, and sampling seasons might be due to the great stability of the environment. As the phytonematodes that are major problems in Ribeira Valley (e.g., Meloidogyne javanica and Radopholus similis) were not recorded from the Atlantic Forest, it was concluded that the management of these nematodes from this region should be done by preventive methods, mainly the use of healthy propagative material.
