First report of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne arenaria and M. hapla (Nemata: Meloidogynidae) from pepino in Turkey

Abstract

A survey was conducted during 2010-2011 to investigate the root-knot nematode species occurring in pepino (Solanum muricatum Aiton) (Solanaceae) growing areas in Ordu and Samsun provinces, in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. A moderate to severe root-knot infection was observed. Microscopic examination of galled roots revealed the presence of mature females. Extracted females were identified to the species level based on available perineal patterns, morphology, esterase (Est) phenotypes in PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) and the identification confirmed molecularly. The root-knot nematode from Ordu area was identified as Meloidogyne hapla by the exact size of 440 bp amplicons by JMV hapla scar primer. The other Meloidogyne species from Samsun area was identified as M. arenaria based on the size, 420 bp, amplified by M. arenaria SCAR primer. Meloidogyne arenaria and M. hapla are reported for the first time on pepino in Turkey.