Evaluation of citrus, hybrids, and relatives as hosts of Pratylenchus coffeae, with cpmments on other hosts

Abstract

Pratylenchus coffeae (Zimmermann, 1898) Filipjev et Schuur. Stekh., 1941, is a serious pest of many crops in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Its geographic range includes Australia (Colbran, 1955); Barbados, Congo, Jamaica, Java, Martinique (Whitehead, 1969); Belgium (D'Herde et al., 1969); Brazil, Brunei, EI Salvador, India, Indonesia, Thailand, Hawaii, Venezuela (Siddiqi, 1972); Canary Islands (deGuiran and Vilardebo, 1963); Ceylon (Hutchinson, 1960); Colombia, Dominican Republic (Wehunt and Holdeman, 1959); Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Philippines (Taylor and Loegering, 1953); Cuba (Decker, 1968); Dominica (Edmunds, 1969); French West Indies, Guadeloupe (Kermarrec and Scotto La Massese, 1972); Granada B. W. 1. (Cobb, 1919); Guatemala (Chitwood and Berger, 1960); Japan (Yokoo and Kukoda, 1966); Madagascar (Williams, 1969); Mexico (Knobloch and Laughlin, 1973); The Netherlands (Oostenbrink, 1961); Peru (Krusberg and Hirschmann, 1958); Puerto Rico (Ayala and Acosta, 1971); South Africa (Heyns, 1971); Sumatra (Loof, 1960); United States: Arkansas (Riggs et al., 1956); California (Ayoub, 1960); Florida (Feldmesser and Hannon, 1969); Iowa (Norton et al., 1964); Kansas (Orr, 1967); Kentucky (Chapman, 1958); North Carolina (Barker and Clayton, 1969); and South Dakota (Norton, 1968). More than 130 species and varieties of plants have been reported as hosts for this nematode (Edwards and Wehunt, 1973) including many major agricultural crops. Unreported hosts and hosts not listed in Edwards and Wehunt (1973) include Aglaonema simplex Blume (new host) reported by the Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Bambusa sp. (Elmiligy and Geraert, 1971); Bromus catharticus Vahl. (Cobb, 1919); Cardamine sp., and Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Forbes) K. Koch. (Colbran, 1964); Coffeae arabica L., var. arabica, and C. arabica 'Pache' (Schieber and Sosa, 1960); C. arabica 'Bourbon' (Chitwood and Berger 1960 a); C. arabica 'Ugandi' (Chitwood and Berger, 1960); Dioscorea alata L. (Ayala and Acosta, 1971); D. cayenensis Lam. (Acosta, 1974); H edera canariensis Wild. (new host), Indigofera endecaphylla Jacq., and Nitella sp. (Loof, 1960); Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., and Oryza sativa L. (Yokoo and Kukoda, 1966); Leucaena glauca Benth., Ligularia kaempferi Sieb. et Zucc., and Potamogeton sp. (Siddiqi, 1964); Musa nana Lour. (Decker, 1968); M. sapien tum L. (Ayoub, 1960); Narcissus sp. (Norton, 1968); Quercus laurifolia Michx. (new host), Saccharum officina rum L. (Williams, 1969); and Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Goodey, et al., 1965). Pratylenchus coffeae has been reported as a pest of citrus in several citrus growing areas of the world (Feldmesser and Hannon, 1969; Siddiqi, 1964; Yokoo and Ikegemi, 1966), and has recently been shown to cause severe damage to citrus in field trials in Florida (O'Bannon and Tomerlin, 1973). This nematode species is not widespread in Florida citrus. It was not known what effects it might have on citrus varieties or relatives, since no citrus host list had been compiled for this nematode. Therefore, a number of cultivars and hybrids of Citrus and Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf., Microcitrus hybrids and Severinia buxifolia (Poir.) Ten. were evaluated to determine their reaction to P. coffeae under controlled conditions.