Contemporary Publics, Twitter and the Story of PR: Exploring Corporate Interventions to Promote “Clean Coal” in Australia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32473/jpic.v1.i1.p94Keywords:
Global public relations, Contemporary publics, Twitter, Digital storytellingAbstract
Peabody Energy’s Advanced Energy for Life (AEFL) comprehensive global public relations (PR) campaign promoted the idea of clean coal. It is part of a series of efforts deployed by the coal industry since the 1980s to influence the public’s willingness to accept or tolerate its processes and products. This paper will develop a greater understanding of how contemporary publics in a 21st century context react when targeted by the global PR industry. Specifically, it looks at the response to the AEFL campaign in Australia and in particular examines Twitter provocations from January 2014 to January 2016. In doing so, this paper contributes to our understanding of how communicative dynamics such as Twitter and PR may affect public debates. This is critical to helping resolve key policy settings around future energy usage and emissions reduction.References
Advertising Standards Authority (2014, August 20). ASA Adjudication on Peabody Energy Corporation [Press release]. Retrieved from https://www.asa.org.uk/rulings/peabody-energy-corporation-a14-266168.html#.WIfPEHpRonI.
Australian Broadcasting Corporation, (2015, 9 February) Spills, Bills, Coal & Kills, Q&A. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/tv/qanda/txt/s4172769.htm.
Barlow, K. & Smail, S. (2014, July 29). Greg Hunt says green-lighted Galilee Basin coal mine won't have big impact on Great Barrier Reef.
ABC News. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-07-29/greg-hunt-hits-back-at-criticism-over-massive-coal-mine/5631210.
Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity. London: Sage.
Beck, U. (1994). The reinvention of politics: Towards a theory of reflexive modernization. In Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens and Scott Lash (Eds.). Reflexive modernization: Politics, tradition and aesthetics in the modern social order (pp.1–55). Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
Beck, U. & Willms, J. (2004). Conversations with Ulrich Beck. Cambridge: Polity.
Beder, S. (1997) Global spin: The corporate assault on environmentalism. Melbourne: Scribe.
Burgess, J., Klaebe, H., & McWilliam, K. (2010). Mediatisation and institutions of public memory: Digital storytelling and the apology.
Australian Historical Studies, 41(2), 149-165. doi:10.1080/10314611003716861
Burton, B. (2007). Inside spin, the dark underbelly of the PR industry. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen and Unwin.
Campbell, R., Amos, C., & Scarlett, A. (2014). All Talk and No Action. Retrieved from The Australia Institute website: http://www.tai.org.au/sites/defualt/files/All%20talk%20no%20action%20FINAL%20Nov2014_0.pdf.
David, J. P. (2016, December 13). Why PR pros must own reputation in management. PR Daily. Retrieved from http://www.prdaily.com/Main/Articles/21927.aspx??utm_source=salesforce&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Ragan+PR+Daily+News+-+Final+-+July+29
Demetrious, K. (2013). Public relations, activism and social change: Speaking up. New York: Routledge.
EWContributor (2014, November 21). Big Coal buys Facebook 'likes' in lame PR stunt. EcoWatch. Retrieved from http://www.ecowatch.com/big-coal-buys-facebook-likes-in-lame-pr-stunt-1881976064.html.
Fairclough, N. (1999). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. New York: Longman.
Grant, W. J., Moon, B., & Busby Grant, J. (2010). Digital dialogue? Australian politicians' use of the social network tool twitter. Australian Journal of Political Science, 45(4), 579-604. doi:10.1080/10361146.2010.517176.
Goldenberg, S. (2015, May 15). The truth behind Peabody's campaign to rebrand coal as a poverty cure. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/may/19/the-truth-behind-peabodys-campaign-to-rebrand-coal-as-a-poverty-cure.
Hjarvard, S. (2008). The mediatization of society. A theory of the media as agents of social and cultural change. Nordicom Review, 29(2), 105-134.
Hudson, M. (2017, January 19). Ultra, super, clean coal power? We’ve heard it before. The Conversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/ultra-super-clean-coal-power-weve-heard-it-before-71468.
Kessler, S. (2015, February 19). Is Big Coal buying ‘likes.’ Sierra. Retrieved from http://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2015-2-march-april/grapple/big-coal-buying-likes.
Lundby, K. (2009). Notes on interaction and mediatization. In in Knut
Lundby (Ed.), Mediatization: Concept, changes, consequences (pp. 41-52). New York: Peter Lang.
Massola, J., Ker, P., & Cox, L. (2014, October 13). Coal is 'good for humanity', says Tony Abbott at mine opening, Sydney Morning Herald, http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/coal-is-good-for-humanity-says-tony-abbott-at-mine-opening-20141013-115bgs.html.
Marshall, P. D. (2016). Introduction: The plurality of publics. In P. D.
Marshall, G. D’Cruz, S. McDonald & K. Lee (Eds.), Contemporary publics, Shifting boundaries in new media technology and culture (pp. 1-15). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Oreskes, N., & Conway, E. M. (2010). Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming. New York: Bloomsbury.
Panagiotopoulos, P., Bigdeli, A. Z., & Sams, S. (2014). Citizen-government collaboration on social media: The case of twitter in the 2011 riots in England. Government Information Quarterly, 31(3), 349. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2013.10.014
Peabody Energy Corporation. (2014, February 26). Advanced Energy for Life campaign launched to build awareness and support to end “world’s number one human and environmental crisis” of global energy poverty [Press release in possession of author]. Retrieved from http://www.peabodyenergy.com/investor-news-release-details.aspx?nr=816.
Public Relations Institute of Australia. (2017, March 17). PRIA PD: Storytelling to Inform, Inspire and Influence – Melbourne. Retrieved from https://www.pria.com.au/training/event/pria-pd-storytelling-to-inform-inspire-and-influence-melbourne.
Readfearn G. (2014a, November 12). Coal companies avoid coal when funding energy poverty projects in poorest countries, report finds. DeSmog. Retrieved from https://www.desmogblog.com/2014/11/12/coal-companies-avoid-coal-when-funding-energy-poverty-projects-poorest-countries-report-finds.
Readfearn G. (2014b, August 22). The dirty secrets behind ‘Clean Coal’ advertising campaign. RenewEconomy. Retrieved from http://reneweconomy.com.au/advertising-watchdog-says-peabody-energy-clean-coal-advert-misleading-26008/.
Readfearn G. (2014c, October 13). How big coal is lobbying G20 leaders and trying to capture the global poverty debate. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/planet-oz/2014/oct/14/how-big-coal-is-lobbying-g20-leaders-and-trying-to-capture-the-global-poverty-debate.
Revers, M. (2015). The augmented newsbeat: Spatial structuring in a twitterized news ecosystem. Media, Culture & Society, 37(1), 3-18. doi:10.1177/0163443714549085
Sheppard, K. (2014, March 29). World’s biggest coal company, world’s biggest pr firm pair up to promote coal for poor people. The Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/peabody-burson-marstellar-coal_n_5044962.
Schneider, J., Schwarze, S., Bsumek, P. K., Peeples, J. (2016). Under pressure: Coal industry rhetoric and neoliberalism. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Smith, S. L. (2015). Exploring the disassociation between corporation, humans and nature (Unpublished master’s thesis). Marshall University, Huntington, WV. Retrieved from http://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1926&context=etd
Stauber, J., & Rampton, S. (1995). Toxic sludge is good for you: Lies, damn lies and the public relations industry. Monroe, ME: Common Courage.
Thompson, G. & Richards, D. (Producers). (2015, June 16). Four Corners: The End of Coal? [Television broadcast]. Sydney, Australia: Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2015/06/15/4253096.htm.
TrISMA (2016). TrISMA: Tracking infrastructure for social media analysis. Retrieved from http://trisma.org/.
United Nations. (n.d.). The Paris Agreement. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/paris_agreement/items/9485.php.
Wilkinson, M. & Russell, A. (Producers). (2014, August 18). Four Corners: Battle for the reef. [Television broadcast]. Sydney, Australia: Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2014/08/18/4067593.htm.
WWF Global. (2014, August 20). WWF Wins case against Peabody Energy. [Press Release]. Retrieved from http://wwf.panda.org/?227611/WWF-wins-case-against-Peabody-Energy
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
By submitting to the Journal of Public Interest Communications, the author(s) agree to the terms of the Author Agreement. All authors retain copyrights associated with their article contributions and agree to make such contributions available under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY NC) 4.0 upon publication.
Author Agreement
This agreement takes effect upon acceptance of the Submission for publication in JPIC.
- I hereby grant to the University of Florida (“the University”) the non-exclusive right to retain, reproduce and distribute the Submission in whole or in part, in print and electronic format and in any medium. This agreement does not represent a transfer of copyright to the University.
- The University may make and keep multiple copies of the work for purposes of security, backup, preservation and access; and may migrate the work to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation and access.
- I represent and warrant to the University that the work is my original work and that I have the authority as sole author or I have the authority on behalf of my co-authors to grant the rights contained in this agreement. I also represent that the work does not, to the best of my knowledge, infringe or violate any rights of others.
- I further represent and warrant that I have obtained all necessary rights to permit the University to reproduce and distribute the work, including any third-party material. Alternatively, I represent that my use of any third-party material is allowed because the material is not in copyright or I have performed a fair use analysis and reasonably believe my use is permitted. Any content owned by a third party is clearly identified and acknowledged within the work.
- I grant these same rights to the George A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida. Additionally, I grant the right to both the University and Smathers Libraries to enter into agreements with third-party entities and the rights necessary to host, print, index and abstract the Submission.
Open Access and Self-Archiving
JPIC follows an open-access publishing model, meaning that all articles will be publicly accessible on the Internet immediately upon publication. I understand that I may share the submitted manuscript (preprint) of the Submission on the Internet at any point before or after publication, with a citation and link to the final version of record to be added as soon as the issue is available. I may disseminate the final peer-reviewed version at any point after publication.
Creative Commons License
JPIC applies a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY NC) 4.0 to encourage sharing and reuse of content and to maximize the impact of published research. By publishing in JPIC, I agree that the terms of this license will be applied to the Submission. Smathers Libraries (copyright@uflib.ufl.edu) may be able to offer additional information.
By granting this license, I acknowledge that I have read and agreed to the terms of this agreement.