Vertical Distribution of Plant-parasitic Nematodes in Sandy Soil under Soybean

Abstract

Vertical distribution of five plant-parasitic nematodes was examined in two north Florida soybean fields in 1987 and 1988. Soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-45 cm deep at each site. Soil at the three depths consisted of approximately 96% sand. More than 50% of Belonolaimus longicaudatus population densities occurred in the upper 15-cm soil layer at planting, but the species became more evenly distributed through the other depths as the season progressed. Criconemella sphaerocephala was evenly distributed among the three depths in one field but was low ( 20% of the total density) in the upper 15 cm at a second site. Maximum population densities of Pratylenchus brachyurus were observed at 15-30 cm on most sampling dates. Vertical distributions of Meloidogyne incognita and Paratrichodorus minor were erratic and showed seasonal variation. A diagnostic sample from the upper 0-15 cm of these soybean fields revealed only a minority of the populations of most of the phytoparasitic species present. Key words: Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Criconemella sphaerocephala, Glycine max, lesion nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, nematode community, Paratrichodorus minor, Pratylenchus brachyurus, ring nematode, root-knot nematode, sampling, soybean, sting nematode, stubby-root nematode, vertical distribution.