Age Structure and Community Diversity of Nematodes Associated with Maize in Iowa Sandy Soils

Abstract

Age structure of nematode populations around maize growing in sandy soils in Iowa was studied at soil depths of 0-15and 15-30 cm for 2 years. Numbers ofLongidorus breviannulatus were generally greater at 0-15 cm than at 15-30 cm deep until mid to.late season. The decline in numbers of females as the season progressed indicates that fecundity slowed and is evidence of only one generation per year. Peak populations of Pratylenchus scribneri and Xiphinema americanum occurred in late August or early September. Adults of Hoplolaimus galeatus were few in the roots but common in the soil, indicating that fertilization occurred mostly in the soil. Numbers of P. scribneri were generally greater at the lower depth, especially late in the season. Community diversity (H') was less when nematode biomass was used instead of numbers. Numbers of H. galeatus did not decline over the winter. Numbers of L. breviannulatus, P. scribneri, and X. americanum declined significantly over the winter, but not between spring cultivation and planting. Key words: age structure, biomass, Hoplolaimus galeatus, Longidorus breviannulatus, maize, Paratrichodorus minor, Pratylenchus scribneri, Quinisulcius acutus, Xiphinema americanum.