An Improved Method for Long-Distance Shipping the Mosquito Parasite Romanomermis culicivorax
Abstract
To prevent losses during long-distance shipment, a new delivery system was developed for the mosquito parasite Romanomermis culicivorax. A specially designed shipping container, two types of culture media (sand and a mixture of sand, vermiculite, and charcoal [SVC]), and two types of insert (polystyrene and polyester urethane foam [PUF]) were tested. Cultures shipped in SVC/PUF insert combination produced significantly higher yields of preparasites than did the other three combinations tested, and the sand/polystyrene combination produced significantly lower yields than did either sand or SVC media shipped with the PUF insert. Yields from cultures shipped in sand/PUF and SVC/PUF combinations were significantly lower than from unshipped controls. Maximum losses (52%) occurred in cultures shipped when 13-16-wk old. Also, yields of preparasites were significantly lower from cultures shipped singly when compared to similar cultures shipped in groups of eight. Techniques and procedures developed in this study did not completely solve the loss associated with delivery of R. culicivorax. For the first time, however, the system can guarantee the delivery of a quality product. The study defines the importance of the carrier medium, age of cultures, shipment size, and the restriction of the movement of the culture medium.Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright and Permissions
All material published by the Society of Nematologists (SON), except for papers prepared by United States and Canadian government employees, is copyrighted and protected under the U.S. copyright law. Under the Copyright Act of 1976, the term of copyright for materials registered by an organization is 75 years from the date first published. Before publishing any manuscript, SON requires that authors transfer full and complete ownership of any copyright to SON by signing a JON Page Charge/Copyright Form (.pdf). SON then registers the copyright. Subsequent use of published materials requires written permission from the SON and may be obtained by contacting the current Editor-in-Chief and state where and how the material will be used.
The author warrants that the article is an original work not published elsewhere in whole or in part, except in abstract form, and that the author has full power to make this grant. If portions of the article have been published previously, then the author warrants that permission has been obtained from the copyright holder and the author will submit a copy of the permission release with this copyright transfer form.
SON shall claim no proprietary right other than copyright. Authors and coauthors retain the right to revise, adapt, modify, or otherwise use all or part of the article in future works of the author(s), such as press releases, lectures, and reviews, provided that all such use is for the personal noncommercial benefit of the author(s). All patent rights are retained by the author(s).
