Designing the melting pot: Physical attributes of the intercultural campus

Authors

  • Laura Sapiega Trujillo The Art Institute of Tampa
  • Lisa Kinch Waxman Florida State University

Keywords:

Interior design, culture, place attachment, intercultural, higher education, architecture, built environment, internationalization

Abstract

American universities are becoming increasingly diverse.  Current university internationalization programs assist in the adjustment of international students.  However, meaningful intercultural connection often occurs on an interpersonal level, not an institutional one. To understand how campus places may support intercultural connections among diverse students, the researcher conducted a survey, observations, and interviews with domestic and international students. These methods evaluated the physical attributes of students’ favorite campus places and revealed students’ perceptions of attachment and intercultural connection they experienced inside. Students experienced positive intercultural connections in campus places that allowed them to interact and relax with each other.  Centrally located places with recognizable features, private/open areas, consistent ambient conditions, and access to comfortable furniture, refreshments, and technology were preferred. These findings may inform the design of future campus places so that they support the needs of a future global workforce and build connections among empathetic citizens of the world.    

Author Biographies

Laura Sapiega Trujillo, The Art Institute of Tampa

Lauren Trujillo, MFA, received her Bachelor’s degree in Interior Design from Florida State University in 2006 and completed her MFA in Interior Design, also from Florida State University, in 2014.  She has practiced both commercial and residential design, and received her Interior Design state license in 2011.  She currently serves as an adjunct instructor in Tampa, Florida.

Lisa Kinch Waxman, Florida State University

 Lisa Waxman, Ph.D., is a professor and the chair of the Department of Interior Architecture & Design at Florida State University. Her research includes topics related to place, design that fosters community, and design for special populations. She is a NCIDQ certificate holder, a LEED-AP, and a licensed designer in Florida. Her teaching areas include environment and behavior, sustainability, and studios.  She is a past president and fellow of the Interior Design Educators Council (IDEC) and a professional member of the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID). She serves on the board of the Council for Interior Design  Accreditation (CIDA).

References

Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., & Silverstein, M. (1977). A pattern language. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Ali, S., & Bagheri, E. (2009). Practical suggestions to accommodate the needs of Muslim students on campus. New Directions for Student Services, (125), 47-54.

Al-Sharideh, K., & Goe, R. (1998). Ethnic communities within the university: An examination of factors influencing the personal adjustment of international students. Research in Higher Education, 39(6), 699-725.

Andrade, M. (2006). International student persistence: Integration or cultural integrity? Journal of College Student Retention, 8(1), 57-81.

Bingler, S. (1995). Place as a form of knowledge (Designing Places for Learning). Retrieved from the Council of Education and Facility Planners International Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development and Scottsdale, Arizona, 23-30.

Bista, K., & Foster, C. (2011). Issues of international student retention in American Higher Education. The International Journal of Research and Review, 7(2), 1-10.

Brase, W. (1987-1988). Integrating physical planning with academic planning. Planning for Higher Education, 16(4), 41-52.

Casey, E. (2009). Getting back into place. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Churchman, A., & Mitrani, M. (1997). The role of the physical environment in culture shock. Environment and Behavior, 29(1), 64-86.

Cicognani, E., Menezes, I., & Nata, G. (2011). University students’ sense of belonging to the home town: The role of residential mobility. Social Indicators Research, 104(1), 33-45.

Clements, E. (2000). Creating a campus climate in which diversity is truly valued. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2000(112), 63-72.

Cruickshank, K., Chen, H., & Warren, S. (2012). Increasing international and domestic student interaction through group work: A case study from the humanities. Higher Education Research and Development, 31(6), 797-810.

Davis, B., & Upitis, R. (1994). Pending knowledge: On the complexities of teaching and learning. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 20(3), 113-128.

Ellis, J. (2005). Place identity for children in classrooms and schools. Journal of the Canadian Association for Curriculum Studies, 3(2), 55-73.

Fincher, R., & Shaw, K. (2011). Enacting separate social worlds: ‘International’ and ‘local’ students in public space in central Melbourne. Geoforum, 42(5), 539-549.

Finlay, L. (2011). Phenomenology for therapists. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Founders College Equity Committee. (2010). Founders College Student Council Safe Space Policy. Retireved from https://yorku.collegiatelink.net/organization/founderscollegestudentcouncil/DocumentLibrary/View/2152

Grebennikov, L., & Skaines, I. (2006). Comparative analysis of student surveys on international student experience in higher education. Journal of Institutional Research, 13(1), 97-116.

Gurin, P., Dey, E., & Hurtado, S., Gurin, G., (2002). Diversity and Higher Education: Theory and impact on educational outcomes. Harvard Educational Review, 72(3), 1-26.

Hayes, R., Lin, H. (1994). Coming to America: Developing social support systems for international students. Journal of Multicultural Counseling & Development, 22(1), 7-16.

Hechanova-Alampay, R., Beehr, T., Christiansen, N., & Van Horn, R. (2002). Adjustment and strain among domestic and international student sojourners: A longitudinal study. School Psychology International, 23(458), 458-474.

Hernadez, B., Hidalgo, M., Salazar-LaPlace, M., & Hess, S. (2007). Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(4), 310-319.

Institute of International Education. (2015). Open Doors Report. Retrieved from http://www.iie.org/Research-and-Publications/Open-Doors/Data/International-Students.

Jung, J., & Gibson, K. (2007). The use of landmarks in fire emergencies: A study of gender and the descriptive quality of landmarks on successful wayfinding. Journal of Interior Design, 32(2), 45-57.

Knight, J. (1994). Internationalization Elements and Checkpoints. Canadian Bureau for International Education. Research Monograph No.7.

Knight, J. (1999). Internationalization of Higher Education. In Quality and Internationalization in Higher Education. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. IMHE Publication.

Korpela, M., Hartig, T., Kaiser, F., & Fuhrer, U. (2001). Restorative experience and self-regulation in favorite places. Environment and Behavior, 33(4), 572-589.

Lacina, J. (2002). Preparing international students for a successful social experience in higher education. New Directions for Higher Education, 2002(117), 21-27.

Leask, B. (2009). Using formal and informal curricula to improve interactions between home and international students. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(205), 205-221.

Lewicka, M., (2011). Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(3), 207-230.

McAndrew, F. (1998). The measurement of ‘rootedness’ and the prediction of attachment to home-towns in college students. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 409-417.

Meeuwisse, M., Severiens, S., & Born, M. (2010). Learning environment, interaction, sense of belonging, and study success in ethnically diverse student groups. Research in Higher Education, 51(6), 528-545.

Moores, L., & Popadiuk, N. (2011). Positive aspects of international student transitions: A qualitative inquiry. Journal of College Student Development, 52(3), 291-306.

Najafi, M., & Shariff, M. (2011). The concept of place and sense of place in architectural studies. World Academy of Science, Engineering, and Technology, 80, 1100-1106.

Nemeth, D., Aryeetey-Attoh, S., & Muraco, W. (1992). Background and progress in planning a campus built-environment that promotes multiculturalism. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 12(80), 80-85.

Oldenburg, R. (1999). The great good place. New York, NY: Marlowe & Company.

Paltridge, T., Mayson, S., & Schapper, J. (2010). The contribution of university accommodation to international student security. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 32(1), 353-365.

Parr, G., Bradley, L., & Bingi, R. (1992). Concerns and feelings of international students. Journal of College Student Development, 33(1), 20-25.

Prosser, J. (2007). Visual methods and the visual culture of schools. Visual Studies, 22(1), 13-30.

Roberts, P., & Dunworth, K. (2012). Staff and student perceptions of support services for international students in higher education: A case study. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 34(5), 517-528.

Rollero, C., & De Piccolo, N. (2010). Does place attachment affect social well-being? European Review of Applied Psychology, 60(4), 233-238.

Schneider, M. (2000). Other’s open doors: How other nations attract international students: Implications for U.S. educational exchange. Presented at the Semester and Semester and Summer Practicum, Syracuse University.

Schram, J., & Lauver, P. (1988). Alienation in International Students. Journal of College Student Development, 1988, 29, 146-150.

Seaborne, M., & Lowe, R. (1977). The English school: Its architecture and organization, Volume II. 1870-1970. London, UK: Routeldge & Kegan Paul.

Seamon, D. (1979). A geography of the lifeworld. New York, NY: St. Martin’s.

Sowa, P. (2002). How valuable are student exchange programs? New Directions for Higher Education, 2000(117), 63-70.

Taylor, A. (1993). How schools are redesigning their space. Educational Leadership, 51(1), 36-41.

Tupper, J., Carson, T., Johnson, I., & Mangat, J. (2008). Building place: Students’ negotiation of spaces and citizenship in schools. Canadian Journal of Education, 31(4), 1065-1092.

Turner, P. (1984). Campus: An American planning tradition. Retrieved from http://www.brynmawr.edu/cities/archx/campus/

Uline, C. (1997). School architecture as a subject of inquiry. Journal of School Leadership, 7(2), 194-209.

Upitis, R. (2004). School architecture and complexity. Complicity: An International Journal of Complexity in Education, 1(1), 19-38.

Ward, C., Masgoret, A., & Gezentsvey, M. (2009). Investigating attitudes toward international students: Program and policy implications for social integration and international education. Social Issues and Policy Review, 3(1), 79-102.

Waxman, L. (2006a). The coffee shop: Social and physical factors influencing place attachment. Journal of Interior Design, 31(3), 35-61.

Waxman, L. (2006b). Design for Gathering: The Value of Familiar Strangers. Proceedings of the Environmental Design Research Association 2006 conference.

Waxman, L., Clemons, S., Banning, J., & McKelfresh, D. (2007). The library as place: Providing students with opportunities for socialization, relaxation, and restoration. New Library World, 108(9/10), 424-434.

Whyte, W. H. (1988). City: Rediscovering the center. New York, NY: Doubleday.

Yakushko, O., Davidson, M. M., & Sanford-Martens, T. C. (2008). Seeking help in a foreign land: International students' use patterns for a U.S. university counseling center. Journal of College Counseling, 11(1), 6-18.

Zepke, N., Leach, L., & Prebble, T. (2006). Being learner centered: One way to improve student retention? Studies in Higher Education, 31(5), 587-600.

Downloads

Published

2016-09-20

Issue

Section

Special Call - Creative Placemaking - 2016