Evaluation of insecticides for curative, preventive, and rotational use on Scirtothrips dorsalis South Asia 1 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Authors

  • Vivek Kumar University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, 2725 South Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
  • Garima Kakkar University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, St. Lucie County Extension, 8400 Picos Road, Suite 101, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945, USA; E-mail:
  • Dakshina R Seal University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, 18905 SW 280 Street, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
  • Cindy L McKenzie United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
  • Lance S Osborne University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, 2725 South Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703, USA

Keywords:

thrips, mycoinsecticide, biopesticide, chemical control, cryptic species, chilli thrips,

Abstract

Abstract

The chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a cryptic species complex of at least 9 distinct species, 2 (South Asia 1 and East Asia 1) of which exist in the USA. To integrate chemical insecticides and mycoinsecticides into the preventive and curative tactics used for S. dorsalis, we evaluated 10 older and newer chemical insecticides and 3 mycoinsecticides against S. dorsalis South Asia 1, a dominant member of the species complex in the USA. An insecticide was considered effective when it induced greater than 70% mortality of larvae or adults. The older insecticides (acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam [foliar application], and imidacloprid [drench application]) were found to be efficacious in reducing S. dorsalis populations in both curative and preventive situations (≥7 d after treatment). Among insecticides with newer chemistries, foliar application of spinetoram, cyantraniliprole, tolfenpyrad, and formulations of chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam were effective for both preventive and curative control (≥10 d after treatment). Among mycoinsecticides, Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Cordycipitaceae) was effective in suppressing thrips curatively (≥10 d after treatment). In the insecticide rotation field trial, effectiveness of a Chenopodium (Amaranthaceae) extract and 3 mycoinsecticides alternated with spinetoram was comparable to spinetoram treatment alone. Because S. dorsalis South Asia 1 is a serious pest of several economically important crops in many counties of Florida and Texas, and an emerging pest in California, this study is important in providing information to vegetable and ornamental plant growers regarding effective insecticides with different modes of action that can be rotated to suppress S. dorsalis, and delay the evolution of insecticide resistance. The results also suggest retention of effective products for an extended period in the marketplace.

 

Resumen

 El thrips del chile, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), es un complejo de especies crípticas de por lo menos 9 especies distintas, 2 de las cuales (Asia del Sur 1 y Asia Oriental 1) existen en los Estados Unidos. Para integrar insecticidas químicos y micoinsecticidas en las tácticas preventivas y curativas utilizadas para S. dorsalis, se evaluaron 10 insecticidas químicos conocidos y nuevos y 3 micoinsecticidas contra S. dorsalis (Asia del Sur 1), un tipo dominante del complejo de especies en los Estados Unidos. Se consideró un insecticida eficaz cuando indujo una mortalidad superior al 70% de larvas o adultos. Se encontró que los insecticidas conocidos (acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam [aplicación foliar] e imidacloprid [aplicación remojada]) fueron eficaces para reducir las poblaciones de S. dorsalis en situaciones curativas y preventivas (≥7 dias después del tratamiento). Entre los insecticidas con nuevas sustancias químicas, la aplicación foliar de espinetoram, ciantraniliprole, tolfenpirad y formulaciones de clorantraniliprole + tiametoxam fueron eficaces tanto para el control preventivo como para el control curativo (≥10 días después del tratamiento). Entre los micoinsecticidas, Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Cordycipitaceae) fue eficaz en la supresión de trips con curación (≥10 dias después del tratamiento). En la prueba de campo con rotación de insecticidas, la eficacia de un extracto de Chenopodium (Amaranthaceae) y 3 mycoinsecticides alternados con espinetoram fue comparable al tratamiento con espinetoram solo. Debido a que S. dorsalis (Asia del Sur 1) es una plaga grave de varios cultivos económicamente importantes en muchos condados de Florida y Texas y una plaga emergente en California, este estudio es importante para proveer información a los productores de vegetales y ornamentales sobre insecticidas eficaces con diferentes modos de acción que se pueden rotar para suprimir S. dorsalis, y retrasar la evolución de la resistencia a los insecticidas. Los resultados también sugieren la retención de productos eficaces durante un período prolongado en el mercado.

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Published

2017-10-10

Issue

Vol. 100, No. 3 (September 2017)

Section

Research Papers

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