Selitrichodes neseri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) recovered from Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) galls after initial release on Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) in Brazil, and data on its biology
Keywords:
emergence, exotic pest, gall wasp, parasitoid, South Africa,Abstract
Abstract
Blue gum chalcid, Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), causes galling damage to Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae) in various regions of the world, but has been controlled effectively by its primary parasitoid, Selitrichodes neseri Kelly & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the recovery of S. neseri after its initial release on Eucalyptus plants in Brazil and to provide data on its biology. Selitrichodes neseri was imported from South Africa to Brazil for the biological control of L. invasa, in Mar 2015, and recovered from Aug 2015 to Dec 2016. Successful recovery of this parasitoid shows its potential to become established in the field. Seedlings of 2 hybrids obtained from crosses between rose gum Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill. ex Maiden and flooded gum Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake and between Eucalyptus sp. and (river red gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. × E. grandis) showed potential as hosts for culture of S. neseri on L. invasa in the laboratory because up until the adult parasitoid emergence these seedlings did not wilt. When reared at 25.1 to 26.0 °C, the total number of parasitoids and the proportion of male parasitoids were highest, relative to hosts reared at 26.1 to 27.0 °C. Peak emergence of S. neseri occurred 28 d after parasitism.
Resumo
Vespa-da-galha, Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), causa galhas danosas às espécies de Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) em várias regiões do mundo, mas tem sido efetivamente controlada por seu parasitoide primário, Selitrichodes neseri Kelly & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a recuperação de S. neseri após sua liberação inicial em plantas de Eucalyptus no Brasil e fornecer dados sobre sua biologia. Selitrichodes neseri foi importado da África do Sul para o Brasil para o controle biológico de L. invasa em março de 2015 e recuperado de agosto de 2015 a dezembro de 2016. Recuperação com sucesso deste parasitoide mostra seu potencial para se tornar estabelecido no campo. Mudas de 2 híbridos obtidos a partir dos cruzamentos Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill. ex Maiden and Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake e entre Eucalyptus sp. e (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. × E. grandis) mostraram potencial como hospedeiro para se criar S. neseri em L. invasa em laboratório porque até a emergência do parasitoide adulto essas mudas não murcharam. Quando criado de 25,1 a 26,0 °C, o número total de parasitoides e a proporção de parasitoides machos foram maiores, relativo aos hospedeiros criados de 26,1 a 27,0 °C. O pico de emergência de S. neseri ocorreu aos 28 dias após parasitismo.
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