Myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) present in vineyards infested with Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) in southern Brazil
Keywords:
survey, ant, soil scale, Linepithema micans,Abstract
Abstract
Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) is among the principal pests of Brazilian vineyards. Establishment and spread of this species in vineyards are associated with ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). This study determined the diversity of the ant fauna in E. brasiliensis infested vineyards in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, the main grape-producing states in Brazil. Underground pitfall traps baited with a honey–water solution and sardines were used to sample ants in the spring–summer and fall–winter periods. Twenty-eight species of ants were identified in Rio Grande do Sul and 15 in Santa Catarina. Linepithema micans (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was the most frequent and abundant species collected in vineyards in both states. Control strategies for ants associated with the spread of E. brasiliensis should focus on L. micans in vineyards.
Resumo
A cochonilha de raízes pérola-da-terra Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) é considerada uma das principais pragas da videira no Brasil. O estabelecimento e a dispersão da espécie nos parreirais estão associados à formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Neste trabalho, foi determinada a diversidade da fauna de formigas em parreirais infestados com a cochonilha nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, principais estados produtores de uva do Brasil. Armadilhas “pitfall” subterrâneas iscadas com solução aquosa de mel e sardinha foram colocadas no interior dos vinhedos entre os períodos da primavera/verão e outono/inverno. Vinte e oito espécies de formigas foram identificadas no Rio Grande do Sul e quinze em Santa Catarina. Linepithema micans (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) foi a espécie com maior frequência e abundância nos parreirais amostrados em ambos estados amostrados. Estratégias de controle de formigas associadas à dispersão da pérola-da-terra devem ser direcionadas para esta espécie nos vinhedos.
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