Crepuscular and nocturnal hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from a fragment of Atlantic rainforest in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil
Keywords:
Atlantic Rainforest, conservation, diversity, richness, scientific collectionAbstract
A survey of the richness, abundance and species composition of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) was performed in a fragment of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Municipality of Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was done monthly, on 2 consecutive nights, from Dec 2011 to Oct 2012, totaling 264 hours of sampling effort. The hawkmoths were attracted by a light trap. Our results were compared with data from a survey of Sphingidae carried out in another fragment of Atlantic Rainforest, i.e., at the Boraceia Biological Station, Municipality of Salesópolis, São Paulo. Richness estimators, rarefaction curves and rank/abundance plots were used to describe the assemblage sampled in this study and to compare it with the data set from Boraceia. We collected 462 specimens, members of 3 subfamilies, 5 tribes, 18 genera and 39 species. Callionima parce (Fabricius) was the most abundant species, comprising 33% of the individuals. Orecta lycidas (Boisduval), an under-sampled species in the Atlantic Rainforest, was recorded for the first time in the area of Serra do Japi. The assemblage showed lower species richness and evenness than the assemblage at Boraceia, probably due to differences in climate, vegetation and size of the forest fragment in which the reserves are situated. Nevertheless, our results emphasize the importance of the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve for the fauna of Lepidoptera of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest.
Resumo
Um estudo sobre a riqueza, abundância e composição de espécies de Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) foi realizada em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica na Reserva Biológica da Serra do Japi, Município de Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brasil. As amostragens foram feitas mensalmente, por duas noites consecutivas, de dezembro de 2011 a outubro de 2012, totalizando 264 horas de esforço amostral. As mariposas foram atraídas por armadilha luminosa. Nossos resultados foram comparados com dados de uma amostragem de Sphingidae realizada em outro fragmento de Mata Atlântica, a Estação Biológica de Boraceia, Salesópolis, São Paulo. Estimadores de riqueza, curvas de rarefação e diagramas de rank-abundância foram utilizados para a descrição da comunidade amostrada neste estudo e para comparações com os dados de Boraceia. Foram coletados 462 espécimes, distribuídos em 3 subfamílias, 5 tribos, 18 gêneros e 39 espécies. Callionima parce (Fabricius) foi a espécie mais abundante, representando 33% dos indivíduos. Orecta lycidas (Boisduval), uma espécie pouco amostrada na Mata Atlântica, foi registrada pela primeira vez na Serra do Japi. A comunidade estudada apresentou riqueza de espécies e equabilidade inferiores às de Boraceia, provavelmente devido a diferenças de clima, vegetação e tamanho do fragmento florestal em que as reservas estão situadas. Ainda assim, nossos resultados enfatizam a importância da Reserva Biológica da Serra do Japi para a fauna de Lepidoptera da Mata Atlântica.
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