[Supplementary Material] DNA barcoding and elucidation of cryptic diversity in thrips (Thysanoptera)

Authors

  • K. B. Rebijith Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India
  • R. Asokan Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India
  • V. Krishna Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnanasahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, India
  • H. H. Ranjitha Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India
  • N. K. Krishna Kumar Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India
  • V. V. Ramamurthy Network Project on Insect Biosystematics, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi

Keywords:

DNA barcoding, CO-I, thrips, intra- and inter-specific distances

Abstract

Accurate and timely identification of invasive insect pests underpins most biological endeavors ranging from biodiversity estimation to insect pest management. In this regard, identification of thrips, an invasive insect pest is important and challenging due to their complex life cycles, parthenogenetic mode of reproduction, sex and color morphs. In the recent years, DNA barcoding employing 5′ region of the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (CO-I) gene has become a popular tool for species identification. In this study, we employed CO-I gene sequences for discriminating 151 species of thrips for the first time. Analyses of the intraspecific and intrageneric distances of the CO-I sequences ranged from 0.0 to 7.91% and 8.65% to 31.15% respectively. This study has revealed the existence of cryptic species in Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) for the first time, along with previously reported cryptic species such as Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), T. tabaci Lindeman, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood. We are proposing, the feasibility of hosting an independent integrated taxonomy library for thrips and indicate that it can serve as an effective system for species identification, this approach could potentially play a key role in formulating effective insect pest management strategies.

 

La identificacion precisa y oportuna de las plagas de insectos invasivos sustenta la mayoria de los esfuerzos biologicos desde la estimacion de la diversidad biologica hasta el control de plagas de insectos. En este sentido, la identificacion de los insectos plaga invasivos tales como trips es importante y un reto al nivel mundial debido a sus ciclos de vida complejos, el modo de reproduccion partenogenetica y los morfos de sexo y de color. En los ultimos anos, los codigos de barras de ADN empleando la region 5 ‘del mitocondrial citocromo oxidasa I gen (CO-I) se ha convertido en una herramienta popular para la identificacion de especies. En este estudio, se emplearon secuencias de genes CO-I para discriminar 151 especies de trips por primera vez. El analisis de las distancias intra e inter-especificas de las secuencias de CO-I variaron desde 0.0 hasta 10.12% y 3.73% al 53.15%, respectivamente. Este estudio ha revelado la prevalencia de especies cripticas en Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) y Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) por primera vez, junto con los reportados previamente especies cripticas, como Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) , T. tabaci Lindeman, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) y Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood. Estamos proponiendo, la factibilidad de organizar una biblioteca de taxonomia integrada independiente para los trips e indicamos que puede servir como un sistema eficaz para la identificacion de especies, un enfoque que potencialmente podria jugar un papel clave en la formulacion de estrategias eficaces de control de plagas de insectos.

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