Isolation and characterization of nine microsatellite loci from the sycamore lace bug Corythucha ciliata (Hemiptera: Tingidae)

Authors

  • Wen-Yan Yang School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Xiao-Tian Tang School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Li Cai School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Chang-Sheng Dong Guangling Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Yu-Zhou Du School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Keywords:

microsatellite, Corythucha ciliata, population genetics, invasive routes

Abstract

The sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata (Say) (Hemiptera: Tingididae) of North America, is an invasive pest of plane and sycamore trees (Platanus spp.) (Proteales: Plantanaceae), and has invaded many countries. To explore the population genetic structure and the invasion route by which C. ciliata reached China, we developed 9 highly polymorphic microsatellites loci by the FIASCO method. Polymorphism of the 9 loci was assessed in 48 individuals from 2 populations (Guiyang and Nanjing) in China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 13. The observed (HO) and expected (HE) heterozygosities varied from 0.146 to 0.958 and 0.290 to 0.849, respectively, in Guiyang population. Likewise HO and HE varied from 0.483 to 0.739 and 0.443 to 0.865, respectively, in Nanjing population. Two loci (CA15 and GA365) showed significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in Nanjing population. Moreover, loci CA200&GT26, GT26&TG100, and TG100&GA365 showed significant linkage disequilibria (LD) in the Guiyang population (P < 0.01), and loci GT26 and GA5 (P < 0.01) showed significant linkage disequilibria (LD) in the Nanjing population. Finally, we found 2 types of mutational events that could generate the new alleles, but the main mutation mechanism for the newly developed microsatellites was slippage in the repeat motif and in the flanking region. In future work, the nine loci identified here will be used to study the population genetic structures of C. ciliata populations in China and in putative regions of their origin, and investigate the probable route by which the pest reached China.

 

El chinche encaje del sicomoro, Corythucha ciliata (Say) (Hemiptera: Tingididae) de America del Norte, es una plaga invasora de plataneros y sicomoros (Platanus spp.) (Proteales: Plantanaceae), y ha invadido muchos paises. Para explorar la estructura genetica de la poblacion y la ruta de invasion por el cual C. ciliata llego a China, hemos desarrollado 9 loci de microsatelites altamente polimorficos por el metodo FIASCO. Se evaluo el polimorfismo de los 9 loci en 48 individuos de 2 poblaciones (Guiyang y Nanjing) en China. El numero de alelos por locus vario de 2 a 13. El heterocigosis observado (HO) y el esperado (HE) varian de 0.146 a 0.958 y de 0.290 a 0.849, respectivamente, en la poblacion de Guiyang. Del mismo modo el HO y HE variaron de 0.483 a 0.739 y 0.443-0.865, respectivamente, en la poblacion de Nanjing. Dos loci (CA15 y GA365) mostraron desviaciones significativas del equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg (EHW) en la poblacion de Nanjing. Por otra parte, loci CA200 y GT26, GT26 y TG100 y TG100 y GA365 mostraron un desequilibrio de ligamiento (DL) significativo en la poblacion de Guiyang (P < 0.01), y loci GT26 y GA5 (P < 0.01) mostraron un desequilibrio de ligamiento (DL) significativo en la poblacion de Nanjing. Por ultimo, encontramos 2 clases de eventos mutacionales que podrian generar los nuevos alelos, pero el principal mecanismo de la mutacion de los microsatelites desarrollados recientemente fue el deslizamiento en la repeticion de motivos y en la region de flanqueo. En trabajos futuros, los nueve loci identificados aqui se utilizaran para estudiar la estructura genetica de la poblacion de de C. ciliata en China y en regiones putativas de su origen, e investigar la ruta probable por el cual la plaga llego a China.

 

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Issue

Vol. 97, No. 3 (September 2014)

Section

Research Papers

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