Microsatellite markers for Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their potential use in whiteflies

Authors

  • Xiao-Tian Tang School of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Huan-Huan Tao School of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Ji-Rui Wang School of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Yu-Zhou Du School of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Keywords:

Aleurocanthus spiniferus, disequilibrium population genetic structure, genetic variation, microsatellite, cross-species amplification

Abstract

The citrus (or orange) spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of various economic crops such as citrus and tea, causing severe economic losses. However, the population genetics of A. spiniferus is poorly understood, both in China and in other countries. To improve our knowledge of the population structure and genetic variation of this species, 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci for A. spiniferus were developed and characterized using FIASCO (Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing Repeats). Our results showed that the polymorphic information contents (PIC) of all 10 loci were greater than 0.5, showing a high degree of polymorphism. The number of alleles ranged from 12 to 27 across 60 individuals from 6 populations. In addition, the expected heterozygosity (HE) and the observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.851 to 0.958 and from 0.621 to 0.850, respectively. Interestingly, all loci deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, although - according to our study - they were not affected by the species’ specific reproductive strategy, and thus must be related to other unknown factors. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed that C19-2 and D14, and also I20 and F12 showed linkage disequilibrium. Cross-species amplification was also tested in 5 closely related whitefly species (Aleurodicus disperses Russell, Pealius mori (Takahashi), Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 and B. tabaci MED) in this study. Nine pairs of primers were successfully amplified at different levels except for F12. In particular, A21-2, D14, F13-2, and F42-2, coupled with I20 were successfully amplified across all the above species. Consequently, the 10 loci identified here can be used to study the population genetic structure of A. spiniferus and other closely related whitefly species.

 

La mosca blanca espinosa de los citricos (o naranja), Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintance) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), es una plaga importante de diversos cultivos economicos como los citricos y el te, que causa graves perdidas economicas. Sin embargo, la genetica de las poblaciones de A. spiniferus es poco conocida, tanto en China como en otros paises. Para mejorar nuestro conocimiento de la estructura de la poblacion y la variacion genetica de esta especie, se desarrollaron y caracterizaron 10 loci microsatelites polimorficos para A. spiniferus utilizando FIASCO (Aislamiento Rapido por AFLP de Secuencias que Tienen Repeticiones, ARASTR). Nuestros resultados mostraron que el contenido de informacion polimorfica (CIP) de todos los 10 loci fueron mayor de 0.5, mostrando un alto grado de polimorfismo. El numero de alelos vario de 12 a 27 a traves de 60 individuos de 6 poblaciones. Ademas, la heterocigosidad esperada (HE) y la heterocigosidad observada (HO) oscilaron 0.851 a 0.958 y 0.621 a 0.850, respectivamente. Curiosamente, todos los loci se desviaron del equilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg, aunque de acuerdo a nuestro estudio ellos no fueron afectados por la estrategia reproductiva especifica de la especie, y por lo tanto deben estar relacionados con otros factores desconocidos. Ademas, el analisis de desequilibrio de ligamiento revelo que C19-2 y D14, y tambien I20 y F12 mostraron desequilibrio de ligamiento. La amplificacion de cruzar- especie tambien fue probada en 5 especies de mosca blanca estrechamente relacionadas (Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, Pealius mori (Takahashi), Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 y B. tabaci MED) en este estudio. Se amplificaron con exito nueve pares de cebadores a diferentes niveles con la excepcion de F12. En particular, se amplificaron con exito A21-2, D14, F13- 2, y F42-2 junto con I20 a traves de todas las especies anteriores. En consecuencia, los 10 loci identificados aqui pueden ser utilizados para estudiar la estructura genetica de la poblacion de A. spiniferus y otras especies de mosca blanca estrechamente relacionadas.

 

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Issue

Vol. 97, No. 3 (September 2014)

Section

Research Papers

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