Field evaluation of several cultivated soybean varieties against Empoasca terminalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Keywords:
Empoasca terminalis, yield, hopperburn, cultivar, resistanceAbstract
Empoasca terminalis Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a new and increasingly important pest of soybean in South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. Soybean producers rely heavily on insecticide use to control the insect; hence there is an urgency of finding alternative control measures that are effective and safer. The use of resistant cultivars well meet these criteria. Field studies were initiated to evaluate the susceptibility of several commercial soybean varieties against the leafhopper. Twelve soybean cultivars: ‘Gepak Kuning’, ‘Kaba’, ‘Mahameru’, ‘Gema’, ‘Detam-2’, ‘Grobogan’, ‘Gepak Ijo’, ‘Willis’, ‘Tidar’, ‘Detam-1’, ‘Argomulyo’, and ‘Anjasmoro’ were evaluated against E. terminalis in 2012 and 2013. The amounts of yield loss due to the leafhopper was also determined in 2012 and 2013. The lowest numbers of adults and nymphs were found on ‘Gepak Kuning’; while the highest numbers of adults and nymphs were found on ‘Mahameru’. Similarly, the lowest and highest scores of hopperburn were also found on these 2 cultivars, respectively. ‘Tidar’, ‘Gepak Ijo’, and ‘Kaba’ were also resistant to the leafhopper. Leafhopper infestation significantly reduced the yields on susceptible cultivars but not on the resistant ones. Our results also showed that trichome density was not associated with the level of resistance of the cultivars to the leafhopper. Our results suggested that ‘Gepak Kuning’, ‘Gepak Ijo’, ‘Tidar’, and ‘Kaba’ are resistant to E. terminalis and should be used by soybean producers to suppress the pest population.
Empoasca terminalis Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) es una nueva y cada vez más importante plaga de la soya en la Provincia Sulawesi del Sur, Indonesia. Se iniciarone studios del campo para evaluar la susceptibilidad de algunas variedades de soya comerciales contra la chicharrita (o saltahoja). El número más bajo de adultos y ninfas se encontrósobre ‘Gepak Kuning’, mientras que se encontró el mayor número de adultos y ninfas sobre ‘Mahameru’. Del mismomodo, los resultados más bajos y más altos de que Madura hecha por la schicharitas se encontró en estos mismos cultivares, respectivamente. Las variedades ‘Tidar’, ‘Gepak Ijo’, y ‘Kaba’ tambien fueron resistentes a la chicharrita. Las infestaciones de las chicharitas redujieron significativamente los rendimientos de cultivares susceptibles, pero no de los resistentes. Nuestros resultados también muestran que la densidad de lastricomas no fue asociada con el nivel de resistencia de los cultivares a las chicharritas. Nuestros resultados sugierenque ‘Gepak Kuning’, ‘Gepak Ijo’, ‘Tidar’, y ‘Kaba’ son resistentes a E. terminalis y deben ser utilizados por los productores de soya para suprimir la población de la plaga. Además, estas variedades se pueden utilizer también como recursos genéticos para el mejoramiento de lasvariedades de soya.
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