Pheromone-Food-Bait Trap and Acoustic Surveys of <em>Rhynchophorus ferrugineus</em> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Curacao
Abstract
Pheromone-food-bait trap and acoustic surveys were conducted in Curacao to monitor a recently discovered invasion of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus L. (RPW). This pest of economic importance in regions of Asia, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean was not observed in the Americas until 2009. Due to its economic and environmental damage, there is an urgent need to manage or eradicate RPW in Curacao to reduce its impact on the island as well as avoid the possibility of transference to surrounding regions. Studies were conducted to explore methods available for monitoring adults with traps and acoustically assessing larval infestations in trees in the warm, dry but humid Curacao environment - considering also some special challenges of urban conditions, such as increased traffic noise or unwanted human curiosity that could negatively affect monitoring success. Bucket traps baited with 4-methyl-5-nonanol/ 4-methyl-5-nonanone pheromone lure, ethyl acetate and a molasses - ethylene glycol mixture captured RPW adults at consistent rates for ca. 7/d, but the rates of capture were reduced for the 9th to 14th d of a two-week sampling period. The weevils were observed to escape rapidly from dry traps but not from liquid-containing traps. A portable, user-friendly acoustic sensor system enabled identification of larvae in individual infested trees through the use of signal processing analyses that screened out bird and wind noise. This information gained about liquid baits and acoustic differences between background noise and RPW-produced sounds can assist future efforts to monitor, control, or eradicate RPW in Curacao as well as other urban landscapes.Se realizaron sondeos utilizando trampas con cebo de feromonas y comida, y otro acústico en Curazao para monitorear la reciente invasión descubierta de Rhynchophorus ferrugineus L, el picudo rojo de las palmeras (PRP). Esta plaga de importancia económica en las regiones de Asia, el Medio Oriente y el Mediterráneo no se observó en las Américas hasta el año 2009. Debido a su daño económico y ambiental, hay una necesidad urgente de controlar o eradicar el PRP en Curazao para reducir su impacto en la isla, así como evitar la posibilidad que se extienda a otras regiones cercanas. Se realizaron estudios para explorar los métodos disponibles para monitorear los adultos con trampas y evaluando acústicamente las infestaciones de larvas en los árboles en el ambiente cálido y seco pero húmedo de Curazao, tomando en cuenta también algunos desafíos especiales de las condiciones urbanas, tales como el mayor nivel del ruido del tráfico y de la inoportuna curiosidad humana que pudiera afectar el éxito del monitoreo. Trampas de cubos cebadas con el señuelo del feromona 4-metil-5-nonanol/4- metil-nonanone, el acetato de etilo y melaza- una mezcla de glicol de etileno capturó los adultos de PRP a tasas consistentes por casi 7 dias, pero la tasa de captura se ha reducido para el dia noveno hasta el dia decimocuarto del periodo de muestro de dos semanas. Se observa ron que los picudos se escaparon rápidamente de las trampas secas, pero no de las trampas que tienen líquidos. Un sistema de sensores acústicos, portátil y fácil de usar permitio la identificación de larvas en árboles individuales infestados mediante el uso de análisis de procesamiento de señales que descarataron los ruidos hechos por las aves y del viento. Esta información puede ayudar a los futuros esfuerzos para monitorear, controlar o eradicar el PRP en Curazao, así como en otros lugares urbanos.
View this article in BioOne
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright for any article published in Florida Entomologist is held by the author(s) of the article. Florida Entomologist is an open access journal. Florida Entomologist follows terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution Non-Commercial License (cc by-nc). By submitting and publishing articles in Florida Entomologist, authors grant the FOJ and Florida Entomologist's host institutions permission to make the article available through Internet posting and electronic dissemination, and to otherwise archive the information contained both electronically and in a hard printed version. When used, information and images obtained from articles must be referenced and cited appropriately. Articles may be reproduced for personal, educational, or archival purposes, or any non-commercial use. Permission should be sought from the author(s) for multiple, non-commercial reproduction. Written permission from the author(s) is required for any commercial reproduction.