Natural enemies associated with Phaseolus lunatus L. (Fabaceae) in Northeast Brazil
Keywords:
Lima bean, parasitoid, predators, phytophagousAbstract
In Brazil, characterization of the natural occurrence of insect predators and parasites affecting phytophagous pests of Phaseolus lunatus is limited. Our objective was to identify which natural enemies were present in lima bean fields in northeast Brazil. Also, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of thrips and mite predators on lima bean. The following species were identified as predators of Aphis craccivora: Scymnus rubicundus (Coccinelidae), Pseudodoros clavatus (Syrphidae), as well as the parasitoid Aphelinus sp. (Aphelinidae). In addition, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Aeolothripidae) was collected along with its prey, the phytophagous mite Tetranychus neocaledonicus, and the phytophagous thrips Caliothrips phaseoli. Predatory mites were identified as Euseius concordis (Phytoseiidae), Proctolaelaps bickleyi (Ascidae), and Amblyseius tamatavensis (Phytoseiidae). These 3 mite species were observed to prey on T. neocaledonicus and represents the first report of these predators occurring on P. lunatus in Brazil.
Sumário
No Brasil, a caracterização da ocorrência natural de insetos predadores e parasitas sobre insetos fitófagas de Phaseolus lunatus é escassa. Nosso objetivo foi identificar quais inimigos naturais estavam presentes em cultivo de fava no nordeste brasileiro. Além disso, este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência natural de tripes e ácaros predadores em fava. As seguintes espécies foram identificadas como predadoras de Aphis craccivora: Scymnus rubicundus (Coccinelidae), Pseudodoros clavatus (Syrphidae), bem como o parasitoide Aphelinus sp. (Aphelinidae). Além do mais, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Aeolothripidae) foi coletado juntamente com suas presas, o ácaro fitófago Tetranychus neocaledonicus e o tripes fitófago Caliothrips phaseoli. Ácaros predadores foram identificados como Euseius concordis (Phytoseiidae), Proctolaelaps bickleyi (Ascidae) e Amblyseius tamatavensis (Phytoseiidae). Essas três espécies de ácaros foram observadas predando T. neocaledonicus e servem como o primeiro relato desses predadores ocorrendo em P. lunatus no Brasil.
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