Chemical composition and bioactivity of the essential oil from Artemisia lavandulaefolia (Asteraceae) on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Keywords:
Eucalyptol, diamondback moth, fumigant toxicity, repellent, botanical insecticide,Abstract
Abstract
Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is the dominant insect pest of cruciferous crops around the world, and is resistant to many chemical insecticides. In this study, we measured the chemical composition and bioactivity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC (Asteraceae) essential oil on P. xylostella. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 35 constituents were identified. The principal compounds were: eucalyptol (35.60%), (R)-4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol (16.25%), π-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol (6.83%), 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one (6.63%), and (1S)-1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-one (4.72%). The LD50 contact toxicity of the essential oil to immature P. xylostella was estimated at 0.045 μL per larva. Artemisia lavandulaefolia oil exhibited fumigant toxicity against P. xylostella adults with an LC50 of 0.113 mg per L after 12 h and also provided 80 to 100% repellency at a 1% v/v concentration.
Resumen
La polilla de diamante, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), es el insecto plaga dominante en cultivos crucíferos alredador del mundo, y es resistente a muchos insecticidas químicos. En este estudio, medimos la composición química y la bioactividad del aceite esencial de Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC (Asteraceae) sobre P. xylostella. Se obtuvo el aceite esencial por la hidrodestilación y se le analizó mediante cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas. Se identificó un total de 35 componentes. Los principales compuestos fueron: eucalyptol (35.60%), (R)-4-metil-1-(1-metiletil)-3-ciclohexen-1-ol (16.25%), π-trimetil-3-ciclohexeno-1-metanol (6.83%), 3-metil-6-(1-metiletil)-2-ciclohexen- 1-ona (6.63%) y (1S)-1,7,7-trimetil-biciclo[2.2.1]heptano-2-uno (4.72%). Se estimó la toxicidad por contacto DL50 del aceite esencial a los inmaduros de P. xylostella en 0.045 μL por larva. El aceite de Artemisia lavandulaefolia mostró toxicidad por fumigación contra adultos de P. xylostella con una DL50 de 0.113 mg por larva después de 12 horas y también proporcionó una repelencia del 80 para 100% a una concentración del 1% v/v.
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